CRO 17 1 County Borough of Croydon. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH AND SCHOOL MEDICAL OFFICER FOR THE YEAR 1915. R. VEITCH CLARK, M.A., M.B., Ch.B., B.Sc., D.P.H. CROYDON: trtnteu at the "croydon times" office. 108, high street. 1916. P. 16. 12-12-16. 250. 2 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS. page Vital Statistics— Population 7 Birth Rate 7 Death Rate 7 Infantile Mortality 7 Infant Work— Infant Centre 10 Method of Feeding 11 Notification of Births Act (1907) 12 Midwives' Act, 1902 12 General Matters— Tuberculosis and Milk 13 Disinfection 14 Cleansing of Persons 14 The work of the Health Visitors 15 Mental Deficiency Act, 1913 17 Local Government Board Returns— Table I. Vital Statistics of whole district during 1915 and previous years 0 Table II. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during 1915 21 Table III. Causes of, and Ages at, Death during 1915 22 Table IV. Infantile Mortality during 1915, Deaths from stated causes in weeks and months under one year of age 35 Table V. Cases notified and deaths from the principal zymotic diseases for th year 1915 and preceding years 44 Table VI. Vital Statistics of separate localities in 1915 and previous years 45 Work of Sanitary Inspecting Staff— Inspections 47 Notices Served 47 Municipal Common Lodging House 48 Factory and Workshops Act 49 Smoke Nuisances 51 Meat Inspection 52 Dairies and Cowsheds 56 Food and Drugs Acts 57 Milk and Cream Regulations 58 Rag Flock Act 59 Tuberculosis— General Survey of cases dealt with through the Tuberculosis Dispensary and work done in connection with them 63 Sanatorium and Hospital Treatment 66 Dispensary Treatment 71 Work of the Borough Hospital 73 Report on School Medical Work 77 4 5 Public Health Department, Town Hall, Croydon. November, 1916. Mr. Mayor and Gentlemen, I beg to submit the Annual Report for 1915 of the work of the Public Health Department. The Report has been very much cut down as compared with those of previous years principally owing to the lack of regular staff. All the essential parts, however, are included. The Report, covering as it docs the conditions during the earlier part oj the war period, shows, I think, the existence of satisfactory conditions in the Borough. The general Public Health is maintained on a high level, and the work of the department has been also sustained vety well in spite of numerous departures of members of the staff on military service. I am, Yours faithfully, R. VEITCH CLARK,, Medical Officer of Health and School Medical Officer. 6 7 County Borough of Croydon. REPORT of the MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH. For the Year 1915. VITAL STATISTICS. Population—Census of 1911 —169,551. Estimated Population, June 1915—177,345 (Registrar General's Estimate of Civilian Population). Birth Rate, per 1,000, 20.8. Death Rate, per 1,000 living, 13.6. Infantile Mortality, per 1,000 births, 83. 8 9 INFANT WORK. INFANTILE MORTALITY is measured by the proportion of deaths under one year to 1,000 births, and amounted to 83, as compared with 79 in 1914, 94 in 1913, 77 in 1912, 105 in 1911, 87 in 1910, 79 in 1909, 99 in 1908, 86 in 1907, 125 in 1906, and 96 in 1905. During the year 1915, the rate for England and Wales was 109, while in the 95 large towns it was 117, and in the 148 smaller towns 113; in England and Wales, less the 244 towns, 98, and in London 114. The figures for the various Wards were:— Births. Deaths under 1 year Death-rate per 1000 Births (all causes) Death-rate per 1000 births from "diarrhœal" diseases. Upper Norwood Sub division 144 7 48 0 North Ward 748 60 52 1 Thornton Heath Sub division 385 38 91 3 East Ward 447 31 69 4 BOROUGH 3699 307 83 8 Central Ward 264 25 96 11 South Ward 308 29 94 13 West Ward 844 82 97 12 South Norwood Ward 559 43 76 5 The following table shows the fluctuations since 1892 in the infantile mortality from "all causes," from "diarrhœal diseases," and from "causes other than diarrhœal." Years. Total Infantile Mortality from all causes. Infantile Mortality from "diarrhœal" diseases. Infantile Mortality from other than "diarrhœal" diseases 1893—1897 142 25 117 1898—1902 143 38 105 1903 104 9 95 1904 128 29 99 1905 96 14 82 1906 125 42 83 1907 86 10 85 1908 99 12 87 1909 79 7 72 1910 87 10 77 1911 105 33 72 1912 77 11 66 1913 94 16 78 1914 79 12 67 1915 83 8 75 10 DIARRHŒA AND EPIDEMIC ENTERITIS. Deaths classified in the tables supplied by the RegistrarGeneral as diarrhœa, epidemic enteritis, enteritis and gastro-enteritis, have been included as "diarrhœal" deaths: as this classification corresponds with that adopted in former years, comparisons made on the resultant figures are valid. During 1915 diarrhœa and epidemic enteritis accounted for 20 deaths of infants under one year of age, 14 others being due to enteritis or gastro-enteritis, making a total of 34 deaths from "diarrhœal" diseases A further 21 deaths at ages from one year or upwards were due to these diseases. INFANT CENTRE. This is held in the same place—228, London Road—as the School Treatment Centre and the Spinal Remedial Class. The Infant work consists of two medical consultations weekly on Tuesday and Friday afternoons. At the medical consultations there have been during the year 1915 approximately forty children attending each afternoon The progress made by the children is extremely gratifying in practically all instances. Acute illnesses are not, of course, dealt with, being referred to hospital or private medical man. Infant foods and, to a small extent, special foods for mothers are obtainable at the Centre. These are supplied free of cost only to the very poorest people. A charge is made to others, not exceeding the cost price of the article. Simple medicines are also prescribed and dispensed. The total number of infants seen at this Centre in the year 1915 has been:— New Cases 473 Total Attendances 2,838 The Centre was opened in the latter part of 1914. One of the: Lady Health Visitors acts as the Nurse to the Centre. 11 METHOD OF FEEDING. The following are the particulars as to feeding of infants during the first six months of life of children who survived, and of children who died between one week and six months old Deaths of infants under one week have been excluded because it is unlikely that methods of feeding can have been responsible for a fatal issue in so short a time. TABLE A. Infants dying from Diarrhoea] Diseases. 0-6 months. Infants dying from other than Diarrhœal Diseases. 0-6 months. Infants surviving 6 months. Total investigated. Breast Fed only 7 40 1181 1228 Breast and subsequently Cow's milk 3 7 129 139 Ditto Condensed Milk 3 4 79 86 Ditto Other foods 2 7 80 89 Breast & simultaneously Cow's Milk 3 5 39 47 Ditto Condensed Milk ... 1 33 34 Ditto Other foods ... 1 54 55 Entirely Hand Fed— Cow s Milk 3 11 38 52 Ditto Condensed Milk 3 2 36 41 Ditto Other foods 4 15 43 62 Number investigated 28 93 1712 1833 12 TABLE B.—The same information expressed in percentages. Of all infants investigated under 6 months. Of infants dying from Diarrhœal Diseases. Of infants dying from other than Diarrhœal Diseases. per cent. per cent. per cent. Breast Fed only 68.4 25.0 43.0 Breast and subsequently Cow's Milk 7.4 10.8 7.5 Ditto Condensed Milk 4.5 10.8 4.3 Ditto Other foods 4.7 7.0 7.5 Breast and simultaneously Cow's Milk 2.4 10.8 5.3 Ditto Condensed Milk 1.7 ... 1.0 Ditto Other foods 3.0 ... 1.0 Entirely Hand Fed—Cow's Milk 2.7 10.8 11.9 Ditto Condensed Milk 2.1 10.8 2.1 Ditto Other foods 3.1 14.2 16.1 100 100 100 Table B shows that 25 per cent. of infant deaths from diarrhœal diseases occurred amongst breast-fed children, and the remaining 75 per cent. amongst children who were either entirely hand fed or had artificial kinds of food as well as breast fed. NOTIFICATION OF BIRTHS ACT (1907). This Act was adopted by the Council on January 13th, and came into force on February 19th, 1908, after confirmation by the Local Government Board. During the past year 3,039 notifications were received. These births were notified as follows:— Notified by medical men 908 Notified by parents 876 Notified by certified midwives 1,183 2,967 Stillborn births notified 72 Total 3,039 MIDWIVES' ACT, 1902. Thirty-four midwives attended at the Infant and Children Centre, 228, London Road, for inspection, etc., during 1915. One hundred and forty-eight visits were paid by the Inspector of Midwives, to the houses of 38 midwives. During the year 2 registered midwives withdrew from practice, 4 left the district, and 2 new names were added, leaving 34 on the register on December 31st, 1915. 13 GENERAL MATTERS TUBERCULOSIS IN MILK. During the year 72 primary samples and 11 secondary, or repeat, samples of milk have been procured and examined for tuberculosis. The 72 primary samples, including 19 samples procured from milk produced within the Borough, and 53 from milk supplies produced within the country. The 19 Borough samples represent the milk of 225 cows belonging to t8 registered cow-keepers, each sample representing therefore roughly the milk of 11 cows. The 53 country samples procured at railway station, or on delivery, represent 898 gallons of milk, each sample therefore representing just under 17 gallons. One inefficient sample of milk submitted by a medical practitioner was examined for tuberculosis with negative result. Three samples of the country milk were exam ned for certain pathogenetic bacteria in addition to tuberculosis, with a negative result in each case. The following table shows the number of primary samples of town and country milk examined for tuberculosis, along with the number and percentage of cases in which tuberculosis was found The table gives the yearly results back to 1900. Year. Town Milk. No. Positive. Per Centage. Country Milk. No. Positive. Per Centage. 1900 40 5. — — — 1901 1 — — 87 5 5 7 1902 — — — 6 — — 1904 30 1 3 3 — — — 1908 25 1 4 21 3 14.2 1911 16 1 6.2 39 6 15.4 1912 14 1 7.1 31 1 3.2 1913 14 4 28.5 49 4 8.1 1914 12 1 8.3 45 5 11.1 1915 19 1 5.2 53 2 3.8 Total 1900-15 171 12 7 331 26 7.8 Total town and country produced milk, 502 samples, 38 positive or 7.5 per cent. 14 DISINFECTION. During the year 1,706 rooms, 27 hospital wards and contents thereof, 26 school class rooms, 3 dormitories, 1 stable, 2 playhouses, 48 departments of schools, 1 shed, 6 vehicles, aud 14,682 articles were disinfected. The articles disinfected were as follows, viz.:—694 beds, 1968 blankets, 62 blouses, 720 bolsters, 855 books (including 605 Library books), 56 boots, 36 bottles, 5 capes, 34 caps, 30 carpets, 269 coats, 36 corsets, 57 curtains, 82 cushions, 6 cloaks, 59 costumes, 953 counterpanes, 21 dresses, 152 dressing gowns, 166 handkerchiefs, 806 mattresses, 5 neckerchiefs, 286 palliasses, 67 petticoats, 2,145 pillows, 164 rugs, 202 shawls, 870 sheets, 187 shirts, 116 skirts, 444 stockings (socks), 254 towels, 153 trousers, 97 vests, 87 waistcoats, 6 jackets, 31 mats, 46 underclothing, and 2,455 other articles. Total 14,682. Cleansing of Persons at Disinfecting Station during the Year 1915 Adults other than Soldiers. School Children. Children not of School Age but living in same houses as School Children. Soldiers. 1 *21 2 8 *2 out of these children were cleansed twice (counted twice). 15 16 TABLE H. V. *HEALTH VISITORS.—The following is a summary of the work done and visits paid by the Health Visitors. Visits to Houses where the following Diseases have been reported. Miss Pirie & Miss Pierce-Toms. Miss Waterman. (1) Miss King and Miss Chapman. Miss Chalk. (2) Miss Goodman and Miss Pierce-Toms. Miss Gaul. (3) Miss Massie. Miss Gordon. (4) School Cases. Other Cases. School Cases. Other Cases. School Cases. Other Cases. School Cases. Other Cases School Cases. Other Cases. School Cases. Other Cases. School Cases. Other Cases. School Cases. Other Cares. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits, Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits 1st Visits Subsequent Visits Scarlet Fever 7 4 ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 13 ... ... 2 2 ... ... 2 3 ... ... 1 ... ... ... 42 1 ... ... Diphtheria 16 13 ... ... ... ... ... ... 21 16 ... ... 5 2 ... ... 12 11 ... ... 2 2 ... ... 51 25 ... ... Erysipelas 4 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8 4 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... 3 4 ... ... Measles 250 15 ... ... ... ... ... ... 265 18 ... ... 253 9 ... ... 393 1 ... ... 38 1 ... ... 186 4 ... ... German Measles 9 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 2 ... ... 14 ... ... ... 14 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 11 ... ... ... Mumps 795 13 ... ... 1 ... ... ... 347 27 ... ... 92 3 ... ... 303 6 ... ... 50 ... ... ... 273 22 ... ... Whooping Cough 29 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... 75 12 ... ... 112 3 ... ... 30 2 ... ... 25 ... ... ... 14 1 ... ... Chicken pox 87 10 ... ... ... ... ... ... 96 6 ... ... 77 ... ... ... 136 4 ... ... 18 ... ... ... 47 ... ... ... Sore Throat 65 21 ... ... 1 ... ... ... 101 25 ... ... 94 35 ... ... 72 14 ... ... 56 23 ... ... 142 45 ... ... Ringworm (scalp) 42 32 ... ... 1 ... ... ... 21 32 ... ... 29 22 ... ... 22 37 ... ... 3 8 ... ... 30 17 ... ... (body) 26 35 ... ... ... ... ... ... 31 31 ... ... 19 17 ... ... 34 23 ... ... 11 10 ... ... 28 40 ... ... Verminous Heads 3 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Verminous Bodies 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 17 7 ... ... 2 ... ... ... 9 3 ... ... 4 1 ... ... 2 ... ... ... Impetigo Contagiosa 70 79 ... ... ... ... ... ... 153 181 ... ... 100 216 ... ... 139 123 ... ... 71 83 ... ... 207 115 ... ... Scabies 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 39 ... ... 2 7 ... ... 15 20 ... ... 1 3 ... ... 14 3 ... ... Infectious Eye Disease 22 6 ... ... 2 ... ... ... 89 95 ... ... 23 10 ... ... 89 22 ... ... 33 13 ... ... 53 4 ... ... Other diseases 152 43 ... ... ... ... ... ... 259 67 ... ... 166 139 ... ... 277 117 ... ... 57 29 ... ... 265 73 ... ... Totals 1585 326 ... ... 5 ... ... ... 1513 575 ... ... 999 265 ... ... 1552 386 ... ... 372 173 ... ... 1368 357 ... ... 1st Visits. Subsequ't Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequ't Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequ't Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequ't Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequ't Visits. 1st Visits. Subsequ't Visits. lst Visits. Subsequ't Visits 1st Visits. Subsequ't Visits. Visits to houses where Infants have been born ... ... 282 334 137 52 411 445 569 529 505 960 401 300 466 416 Visits to houses where Infants have died under one year of age ... ... 19 ... 6 1 25 7 43 ... ... ... 25 ... 33 ... Tuberculosis cases visited 400 252 156 ... 31 14 19 180 113 295 91 38 32 78 167 55 Visits paid to Elementary Schools for Medical Inspections ... ... 29 ... 16 ... 50 3 39 ... 35 ... 56 ... 38 ... Number of Children prepared for Medical Inspection—Newly Inspected ... ... 653 ... 398 ... 1181 ... 891 ... 753 ... 2043 ... 977 ... Re-inspected ... ... 175 ... 98 ... 214 ... 237 ... 290 ... 584 ... 219 ... Specially Inspected ... ... 19 ... 7 ... 63 ... 34 ... 22 ... 87 ... 35 ... Other Visits to Elementary Schools ... ... 73 ... ... 48 ... 4 ... 138 ... ... 8 ... Home Visits arising out of Medical Inspection ... ... 435 ... 16 ... 203 ... 443 795 272 283 194 94 386 166 Home Visits for other information 22 6 79 ... 56 ... 97 ... 74 25 80 4 21 1 48 13 Cultures taken ... ... 80 ... ... ... 114 ... 147 63 69 ... 108 ... 193 ... Notes.—(1) Four attendances at Clinics weekly. (2) Two „ „ „ (3) Twenty-three addresses on Infant Feeding at Domestic Centre. (4) Fifty-two visits to Midwives. 17 17 MENTAL DEFICIENCY. CONTRACTS. Contracts for the reception of Croydon defectives have now been entered into as follows:— Date, 11th March, 1915 19th March, 1915 7th February, 1916 Party. Incorporated Lancashire and Cheshire Society for the Permanent Care of the Feeble-minded. Incorporation of National Institutions for Persons Requiring Care and Control. Manager of the Etloe House Certified Institution. Rate per Patient. £32 per annum. *Trainable, 10s. 6d. per per week. *Lower mental grade cases, 14s. per week, 11s. 6d per week (not exceeding 7 females— Roman Catholics). (*Increased by 2s. per patient per week from the 1st October, 1915, for 12 months or until such time as cost of maintenance reverts to its normal level). CASES DEALT WITH. In Appendix I. are shewn the cases that have been dealt with to the 31st December last, either by transfer to Certified Institutions or by placing under Guardianship. Two "criminal" defectives were sent to Institutions by Orders of the Court, and three defectives were sent to Institutions and two placed under Guardianship by Orders upon Petitions presented at the instance of the Council. In February the Lady Visitor on the Staff who had up till then been on half-time, was appointed a full-time Visitor for mental deficiency work. NUMBER OF DEFECTIVES IN THE BOROUGH. The following is the number of mental defectives known by medical examination in the Borough:— Male. Female. Education Committee Cases 43 30 Statutory Committee Cases (including 14 noneducable cases under the age of 16 years (8 male and 8 female) 33 33 The 66 Statutory Committee cases are disposed of as follows:— Male. Female. In certified Institutions 4 1 Under Guardianship 1 1 In Croydon Mental Hospital 10 10 In Poor Law Institutes 1 0 In their own homes 17 21 In addition to the above, at the end of the year a number of reported cases were awaiting medical examination. 18 ACCOMMODATION Continuous efforts have been made to find suitable accommodation for defectives for whom Institutional care was considered advisable but these efforts have met with little success owing to the Institutions certified by the Board of Control being full or allocated for other classes of defectives or for defectives from particular areas. VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATION. During the year the Statutory Committee have had under consideration the formation of a Voluntary Association, the object of such an Association being to render assistance to the Local Authori y in connection with the care, control, treatment, or education of defectives to the extent desited by such Authority, In May last the Committee appointed a Sub-Committee, with the Town Clerk and Medical Officer, to interview the Board of Control upon this and other matters in connection with the administration of the Act, and as a result of that interview the Committee decided, in view of existing War conditions, to defer taking any formal steps in the matter for the present. The Council, on the recommendation of the Committee, have since agreed to the formation of a temporary Voluntary Committee which should be of material assistance to the Committee in carrying out their duties. FINANCE. In Appendix II will be found the financial statement for the year ending the 31st March, 1916, in accordance with the Provisional Regulations of the Secretary of State for the Home Department. APPENDIX I. Date of Order. Defective. Sex. Age at time of Order. e of Order (whether for Institutional treatment or for Guardianship. " Criminal Defectives": 1915. 25th March E. H. F. 18 Institutional (Etloe House, Leyton) 11th November F. P. M. 22 Institutional (Guiltcross, East Harling,Norfolk). Other Defectives: 28th October A. B. M. 18 Institutional (Sandlebridge, near Chester). 28th October H. K. M. 16 Do. 14th December R. T. L. M. 52 Guardianship. 14th December E K. P. F. 39 Do. 21st December D. M. C. F. 17 Institutional (Whittington Hall, Vhittington, near Chesterfield). 19 APPENDIX II. County Borough of Croydon—Mental Deficiency Committee. Statement of Income and Expenditure Year ending March 31st, 1916. Expenditure. Administration— £ s. d. £ s. d. Salaries—Clerk 75 0 0 Medical Officer 75 0 0 Investigation Officer 46 17 3 - 196 17 3 Travelling Expenses 3 2 0 Costs and Charges in Legal Proceedings 8 6 0 Printing, Stationery, etc. 4 8 8 Accommodation- Maintenance of Patients in Institutions 97 16 9 Expenses of Removals 4 17 10 Guardianship— Maintenance Allowance for Patients placed under Guardians 11 10 0 £326 18 6 Income. £ S. d. £ s. d. Exchequer Contributions 254 6 11 Contribution towards cost of Maintenance of Defectives 2 16 0 257 2 11 Transfer from Borough Fund 68 19 2 Balance in hand 31st March, 1915 0 16 5 69 15 7 £326 18 6 20 TABLE I. For whole District, for Calendar Ye&r 1915. Year. Population estimated to Middle of each Year. Births. Total Deaths Reg. in the District. Transferable Deaths Nett deaths belonging to the District. of Non-residents registered in the District. of Residents not registered in the District. Under 1 Year of Age. At all Ages. Uncorrected Number. Nett. Number. Rate.* Number. Rate per 1,000 Nett Births. Number. Rate.* Number. Rate.* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1906. 151,011 3886 25.7 2085 13.8 160 94 485 125 2019 13.4 1907. 154,342 3967 25.7 1953 12.5 149 97 371 94 1901 12.3 1908. 157,698 4017 25.5 2053 13.0 137 105 398 99 2021 12.8 1909. 161,078 3938 24.4 1974 12.3 165 70 313 79 1879 11.7 1910. 166,884 3810 22.8 1817 10.9 145 111 331 87 1783 10.7 1911. 170,451 3760 3748 22.0 2069 12.1 177 130 395 105 2022 11.9 1912. 174,257 3861 3859 22.1 1934 11.1 200 159 297 77 1893 10.8 1913. 178,094 3890 3895 21.8 2110 11.8 204 190 36b 94 2096 11.7 1914. 181,956 4027 4007 22.0 2041 11.2 234 177 319 79 1984 10.9 1915. 177,345 3699 3704 20.8 2463 13.8 269 221 307 83 2415 13.6 *Rates calculated per 1,000 of estimated population. Census, 1911. Total population at all ages, 169,551. Number of inhabited houses, 34,363. Average number of persons per house, 4 9. Area of District in acres (exclusive of area covered by water), 9,012. TABLE II. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year 1915. Notifiable Disease. Cases notified in whole District. Total Cases notified in each Locality. Total Casks Removed to Hospitals or Sanatoria. At all Ages. At Ages—Years. West. North. Central. East. South. South Norwood. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. Institution cases which could not be distributed. Under 1. 1 to 5. 5 to 15. 15 to 25. 25 to 45. 45 to 65. 65 & upw d. Small-pox .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Cholera (C) Plague (P) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Diphtheria (including Membranous Croup)., 195 3 54 101 23 12 2 .. 27 35 12 27 7 44 14 29 .. 179 Erysipelas 82 4 1 2 9 35 24 7 22 18 8 2 3 21 2 6 .. 2 Scarlet Fever 414 2 117 217 53 24 1 .. 60 81 30 66 35 66 60 16 .. 363 Typhus Fever .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Enteric Fever 22 .. 2 4 5 9 1 1 4 2 5 3 4 4 .. .. .. 12 Relapsing Fever (R) Continued Fever (C) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Puerperal Fever 12 .. .. .. 4 8 .. .. 5 1 2 1 1 .. 1 1 .. 9 Cerebro-spinal Meningitis 24 2 3 10 4 5 .. .. 8 3 2 2 3 3 3 .. .. 18 Poliomyelitis 4 .. .. 4 .. .. .. .. .. 1 .. .. .. 2 .. 1 .. 2 Ophthalmia Neonatorum 30 30 .. .. .. .. .. .. 14 3 4 2 2 4 .. 1 .. 2 Pulmonary Tuberculosis 379 1 12 39 75 190 55 7 83 25 22 36 44 80 10 69 10 185 Other forms of Tuberculosis 171 4 37 69 37 16 7 1 55 9 16 9 9 29 3 38 3 23 Totals 1333 46 226 446 210 299 90 16 278 178 101 148 108 253 93 161 13 795 The Borough (Fever) Isolation Hospital is situated in the West Ward. The Croydon«nd Wimbledon (Smallpox) Isolation Hospital is at North Cheam. 21 22 TABLE III. Causes of, and ages at, Death during Year ending December 31st, 1915, excluding Deaths of Strangers at the Workhouse, Workhouse Infirmary, Borough Hospital, General Hospital, Purley Cottage Hospital, Norwood Cottage Hospital, 99, Central Hill (Servants' Reformatory), and adding Deaths of Croydon Residents known to have occurred outside the District. No. CAUSE* LOCALITIES. Institution & Street Deaths which could not be distributed. Total Institution Deaths distributed and not distributed. Inquest Cases. Total all Ages. Males all Ages. Females all Ages. 0-1. | 1-2. 2-5. 5-15. 15-25. 25-45. 45-65. 65 and upwards. West. North. Central. East. South. South Norwood. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. I.—General Diseases. 1 Enteric Fever ... 2 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 ... 3 ... 3 ... ... ... ... 2 ... ... 1 2 Typhus ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 (A B.) Relapsing Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (A) Relapsing Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Mediterranean Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...4 Malaria ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 Small-pox (A) Vaccinated ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Not vaccinated ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (C) Doubtful ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 Measles 42 13 7 4 7 11 1 23 ... 13 3 108 61 47 15 28 45 19 ... 1 ... ... 7 Scarlet Fever 1 2 ... 1 ... ... ... 1 ... 5 ... 5 5 ... ... ... 2 2 ... 1 ... ... 8 9 Whooping Cough 2 1 1 ... ... 1 2 5 ... 1 1 12 8 4 3 4 5 ... ... ... ... ... (A) Diphtheria 5 1 2 1 ... 2 1 1 ... 9 2 13 9 4 ... 1 5 7 ... ... ... ... (B C.) Croup (B) Membranous laryngitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 10 (C) Croup ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... Influenza 4 4 8 6 7 12 3 1 ... ... ... 45 27 18 ... ... 1 1 2 3 18 20 11 Miliary Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 Asiatic Cholera ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 13 Cholera Nostras ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 14 Dysentery ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 15 Plague ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 16 Yellow Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 17 Leprosy ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 18 Erysipelas 1 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 3 ... 3 2 ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 23 19 (A.B.C.D.) other Epidemic Diseases (A) Mumps ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) German Measles ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (C) Varicella ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (D) Other Diseases included under 19 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 20 (A.B.C.) Pyaemia, Septicæmia (A) Pyæmia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Septicæmia ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (C) Vaccinia ... 21 Glanders ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 22 Anthrax (Splenic Fever) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 23 Rabies ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 24 Tetanus 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 1 ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 25 (A.B.) Mycoses (A) Actinomycosis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Other Mycoses ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 26 Pellagra ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 27 Beri-beri ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 28 (A.B. ) Pulmonary Tuberculosis (not acute) (A) Pulmonary Tuberculosis 25 30 7 13 12 17 ... 6 ... 46 2 110 61 49 ... ... ... 5 15 56 26 8 (B) Phthisis (not defined as tuberculous) 20 9 5 5 4 9 2 8 ... 14 ... 63 38 25 ... ... ... ... 8 33 19 3 29 (A) Acute Phthisis 3 2 1 3 1 2 ... ... 4 ... 12 9 3 ... 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 (B) Acute Miliary Tuberculosis 2 ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... 3 3 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... 2 ... 30 Tuberculous Meningitis 13 4 2 1 1 3 ... 3 ... 9 ... 27 16 11 3 6 5 9 2 2 ... ... 31 (A.B.) Tuberculosis of Peritoneum and Intestines (A) Tabes Mesenterica ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 1 1 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Other Peritoneal and Intestinal Tubercle 3 1 1 ... 1 1 ... ... ... 2 ... 7 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 2 ... ... 32 Tuberculosis of Spinal Column 1 1 ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 1 ... 3 1 2 1 ... ... ... ... 2 ... ... 33 Tuberculosis of Joints 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4 ... 4 3 1 1 ... ... 2 1 ... ... ... 34 (A B.C.) Tuberculosis of other Organs (A) Lupus ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Scrofula 3 ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... 2 ... 4 3 1 ... ... ... ... ... 2 2 ... (C) Other Tuberculosis included under 34 2 ... 1 ... ... 1 ... ... ... 2 ... 4 3 1 ... ... ... ... ... 2 1 1 35 Disseminated Tuberculosis 2 2 ... 1 1 1 4 ... 7 5 2 ... ... 2 1 1 3 ... ... 36 (A.B.) Rickets, Softening of Bones (A) Rickets ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Other forms of Bone Softening ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 24 TABLE III—continued. [# No. CAUSE. LOCALITIES. Institution & Street Deaths which could not be distributed. Total Institution Deaths distributed and not distributed. Inquest Cases. Total all Ages. Males all Ages. Females all Ages. 01. 1-2. 2-5. 5-15. 15-25. 25-45. 45-65. 65 and upwards. West. North. Central. East. South. South Norwood. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. 37 Syphilis 1 ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 ... 2 1 ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 38 (A.B.C.) Other Venereal Diseases (A) Soft Chancre ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Gonococcus Infection ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (C) Purulent Ophthalmia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 39 Cancer of the Buccal Cavity 3 2 ... ... 2 ... ... ... ... 4 ... 7 7 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 4 2 40 Cancer of the Stomach, Liver, &c. 8 8 8 7 7 13 1 3 1 13 ... 56 33 23 ... ... ... ... ... 6 22 28 41 Cancer of the Peritoneum, Intestines & Rectum 10 5 4 8 3 10 4 1 ... 9 1 46 23 23 ... ... ... ... ... 4 14 28 42 Cancer of the Female Genital Organs 7 8 2 2 4 4 3 2 ... 12 ... 32 ... 32 ... ... ... 1 ... 3 21 7 43 Cancer of the Breast 4 4 2 2 6 2 1 ... ... 4 1 21 ... 21 ... ... ... ... ... 4 9 8 44 Cancer of the Skin 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 45 Cancer of other or unspecified Organs 5 4 6 6 3 4 3 3 ... 10 ... 34 23 11 ... ... ... 1 1 5 11 16 46 (A.B.C.) Other Tumours (situation undefined) (A) Angioma ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Adenoma ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (C) Other Tumours included under 46 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 47 Rheumatic Fever 2 4 ... ... 1 ... 1 1 ... 2 ... 9 8 1 ... ... ... 2 1 3 3 ... 48 (A.B.) Chronic Rheumatism, Osteo arthritis (A) Chronic Rheumatism ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Osteo-arthritis 2 2 1 ... 2 ... ... ... ... 2 ... 8 ... 5 ... ... ... ... ... 1 3 4 (C) Gout ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 49 Scurvy ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 50 Diabetes 5 6 5 2 3 8 ... ... ... 3 1 29 11 18 ... ... 1 1 2 9 9 7 51 Exophthalmic Goitre 2 ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... 1 ... 3 ... 3 ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 52 Addison's Disease ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 53 (A.B.) Leucocythæmia, Lymphadenoma (A) I.eucocythæmia (Leuchæmia) ... ... ... ... ... 1 2 ... ... ... ... ... 3 2 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 (B) Lymphadenoma ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 25 54 Anæmia, Chlorosis 1 3 ... 2 1 ... ... ... ... 2 1 7 2 5 ... ... ... ... 2 1 3 1 55 (A.B.C.D.) Other General Diseases (A) Diabetes Insipidus ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Purpura ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 1 ... l ... 2 1 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... (C) Hæmophilia ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... 2 2 ... 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (D) Other Diseases included under 5$ 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 56 Alcoholism (acute or chronic) 2 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 3 3 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 1 ... 57 (A.B.) Chronic lead poisoning (A) Occupational lead poisoning ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 58 (B) Non-occupational lead poisoning ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Other chronic occupational poisonings ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 59 Other chronic poisonings ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 1 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... II.—Diseases of the Nervous System and of the Organs of Special Sense. 60 Encephalitis ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 61 (A) Cerebro-spinal fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 61 (B.C.) Meningitis, other forms or undefined (B) Posterior basal meningitis ... 2 ... 2 ... ... ... ... ... 4 ... 4 4 ... 2 ... ... 1 1 ... ... ... (C) Meningitis, other forms 6 6 2 ... 1 2 4 3 ... 11 1 24 15 9 2 2 3 9 3 3 1 1 62 Locomotor Ataxy ... 2 ... ... ... 2 ... ... 1 2 1 5 4 1 ... ... ... ... ... 1 3 1 63 (A.B.) Other diseases of the spinal cord (A) Diseases formerly classed to "Other nervous affections" ... ... ... ... 2 1 ... 1 ... 1 ... 4 3 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4 (B) Other diseases included under 63 1 5 1 1 1 1 ... ... ... 6 ... 10 7 3 ... ... ... 2 ... 1 5 2 64 (A.B.C.D.E.) Cerebral haemorrhage, Apoplexy (A) Apoplexy 1 ... ... 1 1 3 ... 1 ... 1 ... 7 4 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 6 (B) Serous apoplexy and oedema of brain ... ... 1 ... ... 1 ... ... ... 2 1 2 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 (C) Cerebral congestion ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (D) Cerebral atheroma ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 (E) Cerebral hæmorrhage 26 31 11 17 18 14 9 7 34 15 133 48 85 2 7 43 81 65 Softening of brain 1 2 ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 4 ... 4 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 2 66 (A.B.C.) Paralysis without specified cause (A) Hemiplegia 2 1 ... 2 2 2 ... ... 1 1 ... 10 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... 1 2 7 (B) Paraplegia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (C) Other forms of paralysis ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... TABLE III- continued. No. CAUSE. LOCALITIES. Institution & Street Deaths which could Total Institution Deaths distributed and not distributed. Inquest Cases Total all Ages. Males all Ages. Females all Ages. 0-1. 1-2. 2-5. 5-15. 15-25. 25-45. 45-65. 65 and upwards. West. North. Central. East. South. South Norwool. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. 67 General paralysis of the insane 3 3 ... ... 1 4 ... 1 3 14 … 15 11 4 … … … … … 10 5 … 68 Other forms of mental alienation … 1 ... 1 ... ... 1 2 1 6 1 6 3 3 ... ... ... ... ... 1 4 1 69 Epilepsy 2 3 ... 1 1 1 ... 1 ... 3 ... 9 6 3 1 ... ... 3 ... 1 2 2 70 (A.B.) Convulsions (non-puerperal; 5yrs. & over (A) Epileptiform convulsions ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (B) Others included under 70 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 71 A.B.) Infantile convulsions (under 5 years) (A Convulsions with teething … 3 1 … 1 … … … … 1 2 5 2 3 4 1 … … … … … … (B) Other infantile convulsions 1 5 3 3 2 4 2 1 … … 13 21 13 8 19 1 1 … … … … … 72 Chorea … … … … … … … 1 … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 1 73 (A.B.) Hysteria, Neuralgia, Neuritis (A) Hysteria, Neuralgia, Sciatica 1 … 1 … ... … … … … 1 … 2 … 2 … … … … 1 1 … … (B) Neuritis … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 74 (A.B.C.D.) Other diseases of the nervous system (A) Idiocy, Imbecility … … … … … … … 1 … … … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … (B) Cretinism 1 … 1 … … … … … … … … 2 2 … 1 … … … … … … … (C) Cerebral tumour 1 2 … … … 2 … … … 3 … 5 2 3 … … … … 1 2 1 1 (D) Other diseases included under 74 … … … … … … 1 … … … … 1 … 1 1 ... … … … … … … 75 Diseases of the eyes and annexa … … 1 … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 1 76 (A) Mastoid disease … 1 … … … … … 1 … 2 … 2 l 1 … … … 1 1 … … … 76 (B) Other diseases of the ears … … … 1 … … … ... … 1 … 1 1 … … … … … 1 … … … III— Diseases of the Circulatory System. 77 Pericarditis … 1 … 2 1 … … 1 … … … 5 3 2 … … … … 2 1 … 2 78 (A.B.C.) Acute endocarditis (A) Acute myocarditis … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Infective endocarditis 2 … 1 1 … … … … … 2 … 4 2 2 … … … ... … 3 1 … (C) Other acute endocarditis 2 … … … … … … … … 1 … 2 … 2 … … … ... … … 2 ... 26 79 (A) Valvular disease 20 30 17 19 17 24 5 13 … 44 14 145 62 83 … … 1 7 4 20 47 70 79 (B)Fatty degeneration of the heart 4 3 4 2 4 3 1 2 1 7 7 24 15 9 … … … … … 2 5 17 79 (C) Other organic disease of the heart 21 7 19 12 8 18 3 11 1 4 14 90 36 54 … … … 2 2 6 20 60 80 Angina pectoris 1 1 … … … 2 … 1 … … 4 5 2 3 … … … … … … 4 1 81 (A) Aneurysm … … … … 2 1 8 1 … 1 3 5 2 3 … … 1 … … … 2 2 81 (B) Arterial sclerosis 14 35 17 8 9 7 … 2 1 46 4 93 40 53 … … … … … … 6 87 81 (C) Other diseases of arteries … 1 1 … … … … … … 1 … 2 1 1 … … … … … … … 2 82 (A) Cerebral embolism and thrombosis 2 1 3 6 3 5 … … … … 20 9 11 … … … … … … 2 18 82 (B) Other embolism and thrombosis … 1 … … … 2 … … … 1 … 3 2 1 … … … 1 … 1 1 … 83 (A.B. C.D) Diseases of the veins (Varices Hæmorrhoids, Phlebitis, &c.) (A) Phlebitis … … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … … … … … … … 1 … (B) Varix … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (C) Pylephlebitis … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (D) Varicocele … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 84 (A) Status lymphaticus … … … … … 1 … … … … 1 1 … 1 1 … … … … ... … … 84 (B) Other diseases of the lymphatic system … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 85 (A.B.C) Hæmorrhage; other diseases of the circulatory system (A) Functional disease of the heart … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Epistaxis … … 1 … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … … … … … … … (C) Other diseases included under 85 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … … IV.— Diseases of the Respiratory System. 86 Diseases of the nasal fossæ … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 87 (A. B.C.) Diseases of the larynx (A) Laryngismus stridulus … … … … 1 … … … … … … 1 1 … … 1 … … … … … … (14) Laryngitis 1 1 1 2 … … … … … 1 … 5 3 2 … 1 2 1 … … 1 … (C) Other diseases of larynx … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 88 Diseases of the thyroid body … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … … … … 89 (A.B.) Bronchitis & (A) Bronchiectasis, Bronchial Catarrh, &c. 1 … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 90 (B) Other bronchitis 57 31 20 22 24 40 10 11 … 42 10 218 96 122 13 9 2 2 … 2 27 163 91 Bronchopneumonia 23 9 9 6 7 15 3 18 … 12 7 90 41 49 30 14 13 2 1 2 8 20 92 (A.B.) Lobar and undefined. (A) Lobar pneumonia 7 9 2 3 3 12 2 3 1 8 2 42 23 19 2 … … 3 … 9 19 13 (B) Pneumonia (type not stated) 12 6 5 7 3 9 1 4 1 , 2 8 48 23 25 7 2 1 3 1 9 11 14 27 TABLE III— continued. No CAUSE. LOCALITIES. Institution & Street Deaths which could not be distributed. Total Institution Deaths distributed and not distributed Inquest Cases. Total all Ages. Males all Ages. Females all Ages. -1. 1-2. 2-5. 5-15. 15-25. 25-45. 45-65. 65 and upwards. West. North. Central. East. South. South Norwood. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. 93 (A. B.) Pleurisy (A) Empyema … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Other pleurisy … … … ... … … … … ... … … 1 1 … … … … … … … … 1 94 (A.B.C.D.) Pulmonary congestion, Pulmonary apoplexy (A) Pulmonary apoplexy and infarction … … … ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … … … (B) Pulmonary oedema and congestion … 2 … … 1 … … … … … … 3 3 … … … … … … … … 3 (C) Hypostatic pneumonia … 1 … … … … … … … 1 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 1 (D) Collapse of lung (3 months and over) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 95 Gangrene of the lung … … … … … … … … ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … 96 Asthma 3 2 3 3 1 … 3 3 … 2 3 18 8 10 … … … … 1 … 8 9 97 Pulmonary emphysema … … … … 3 1 … … … 3 1 5 2 3 … … … … … 1 2 2 98 (A) Fibroid disease of lung … ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 98 (B) Other diseases of the respiratory system … 1 … … … … … … … … … 1 1 … … … … … … … … 1 V.— Diseases 0f the Digestive System. 99 (A) Diseases of the teeth and gums 1 … … … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … … … ... … … … 99 (B.C.D.) Other diseases of the mouth and annexa (A) Thrush, Aphthous Stomatitis … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Parotitis … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (C) Other diseases included under 99 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 100 (A.B.C.) Diseases of pharynx, Tonsillitis (A) Tonsillitis … … 1 … … … … 1 … … … 2 … 2 … … 1 1 … … … … (B) Ludwig's angina … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (C) Other diseases of the pharynx … … … … … 1 … 1 … 1 … 2 1 1 … … … … … … 1 … 101 Diseases of oesophagus 1 … … … … … … … … … … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 102 Perforating ulcer of stomach 3 … … … … 1 … … … 4 … 4 2 2 … … … … … 1 3 … 28 103 (A) Inflammation of stomach … 1 … … 1 1 2 6 … 4 … 11 6 5 2 1 … … … 1 3 4 103 (B) Other diseases of the stomach 1 3 1 … … 1 … … … 4 2 6 3 3 3 1 … … … 2 … … *104 (A B.C.D.E.F.G. H.) Diarrhoea and enteritis & (A) Infective enteritis 12 3 1 … 2 2 1 … … 4 … 21 8 13 15 3 2 … … … 1 … 105 (B) Diarrhœa—Not returned as infective 1 1 … 1 2 1 1 2 … … … 9 6 3 5 3 … … … … … 1 (C) Enteritis—Not returned as infective 3 2 1 … 1 1 1 2 2 4 2 13 10 3 5 1 … 1 … 2 2 2 (D) Gastro-enteritis—Not returned as infective 2 3 2 1 1 … 1 … 1 1 12 6 6 9 1 l l … … … … (E) Dyspepsia, under 2 years 4 2 … … … … … 1 … 3 2 7 5 2 5 1 … … … … ... 1 (F) Colic … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (G) Ulceration of instestines … 1 … 1 … 1 … … … … … 8 2 1 … … … … … … 2 1 (H) Duodenal ulcer 1 … … … 1 … … … … 2 1 2 1 1 … … … … … 1 1 … 106 Ankylostomiasis … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 107 Other intestinal parasites … 1 … … … … … … … … … 1 1 … … … … … 1 … … … 108 Appendicitis 3 5 2 1 … … 2 2 … 10 … 15 10 5 … … … 5 7 1 2 … 109 (A) Hernia … 4 2 … 1 … … … … 6 … 7 6 1 … … … … … 1 2 4 109 (B) Intestinal obstruction 5 4 … 5 1 … 2 2 … 9 … 19 15 4 1 … … 2 1 2 6 7 110 Other diseases of the intestines … … … … 1 … … … … … … 1 1 … … … … … … … … 1 111 Acute yellow atrophy of liver … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 112 Hydatid of liver … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 113 (A. B.C.) Cirrhosis of the liver (A) Cirrhosis of the liver (not returned as alcoholic) 2 10 2 1 3 2 1 1 … 5 … 22 12 10 … … … … … 2 14 6 (B) Cirrhosis of the liver (returned as alcoholic) … … … ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (C) Diseases formerly classed to "Other diseases of liver and trail bladder" … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 114 Biliary calculi 1 … 1 … … … … … … … … 2 1 1 … … … … … … 1 1 115 Other diseases of the liver 2 … 1 1 … … … … … 2 … 4 1 3 … … … … … … 3 1 116 (A.B.) Diseases of the spleen (A) Infarction of spleen … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … (B) Other diseases of the spleen … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 117 Peritonitis (cause unstated) 1 … … … … 1 … … … 1 … 2 1 1 … … … … … 1 … 1 118 (A. B.) Other diseases of the digestive system (A) Abdominal abscess, Sub-phrenic abscess … … … I … … … 1 … 1 … 2 1 1 … … … … … 1 1 … (B) Other diseases included under 118 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 29 TABLE III— continued. No. CAUSE. LOCALITIES. Institution & Street Deaths which could not be distributed. Total Institution Deaths distributed and not distributed. Inquest Cases. Total all Ages. Males all Ages. Females all Ages. 0-1. 1-2. 2-5. 5-15. 15-25. 25-45. 45-65. 65 and upwards. West. North. Central. East. South. South Norwood. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. VI.— Non- Venereal Diseases of the Genitourinary System and Annexa. 119 Acute nephritis 1 1 1 … … … 1 … … … … 4 3 1 2 … … … … … … 2 120 (A. B. ) bright's disease (A) Bright's disease as in 1901 list 14 8 3 8 10 9 1 1 … 13 2 54 32 22 … … … … 1 4 14 35 ( B) Nephritis (unqualified), 10 years and over and Unæmia 2 2 3 … … 4 … … … 2 … 11 4 7 … … … … … 1 5 5 121 Chyluria … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 122 (A.B.C.D.) Other diseases of the kidney and annexa (A) Abscess of kidney … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Cystic disease … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (C) Suppression of urine … … … … … 1 … … … … … 1 1 … … … … … … … … 1 (D) Other diseases included under 122 … 2 1 … … 1 … … … 3 … 4 4 … … … … … … … 1 3 123 Calculi of the urinary passages 1 … … … 1 … … 1 … 1 … 2 1 1 … … … … … … 1 1 124 Diseases of the bladder 2 … … … … … 2 … … 2 … 5 4 1 … … … … … … … 5 125 (A.B.) Diseases of the urethra, Urinary abscess, See. (A) Perineal abscess … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Other diseases of urethra, &c. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 126 Diseases of the prostate … 2 2 3 2 1 1 2 … 4 … 13 13 … … … … … … … … 13 127 Non-venereal diseases of male genital organs … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 128 (A.B.) Uterine haemorrhage (non-puerperal) (A) Menorrhagia … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … |B) Other uterine hæmorrhage … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 129 Uterine tumour (non-cancerous] 1 … … … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 1 30 130 (A.B.) Other diseases of the uterus (A Disorder of menstruation (except mer.orrhagia) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Other diseases included under 130 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … … … … 131 Ovarian cyst, tumour (non-cancerous) … 1 … … 1 … … … … 1 … 2 1 1 … … … … … 1 … 1 132 (A.B.) Other diseases of the female genital organs (A) Diseases of ovary (excluding ovarian tumour) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Other diseases included under 132 … … … … 1 … … … … … … 1 1 … … … 1 … … … … … 133 Non-puerperal diseases of the breast (noncancerous) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … VII.—The Puerperal State. 134 (A. B. C. D. E. Accidents of pregnancy (A) Abortion … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (B) Haemorrhage of pregnancy … … … … 1 … … … … … ... 1 … 1 … … … … 1 … … C) Uncontrollable vomiting … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … … … … … … … … … (D) Ectopic gestation … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (E) Other accidents of pregnancy … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 135 Puerperal hæmorrhage 1 ... … … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … 1 … … 136 Other accidents of childbirth 1 … … … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … 1 … … 137 Puerperal fever 1 1 1 … … … … 2 … … 4 5 … 5 … … … … 3 2 … … 138 (A.B.C.) Puerperal albuminuria and convulsions (A) Puerperal nephritis and uræmia … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … (B) Puerperal albuminuria & Bright's disease … … … … … … 1 … … … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … 1 … … (C) Puerperal convulsions … … … … 1 … … … … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … 1 … … 139 (A.B.) Puerperal phlegmasia alba nolens, embolism, and sudden death (A) Puerperal phlegmasia alba dolens, phlebitis … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … … … … … … … … … (B) Puerperal embolism and sudden death … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 140 Puerperal insanity … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 141 Puerperal diseases of the breast … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 31 TABLE III— continued. No. CAUSE LOCALITIES. Institution & Street Deaths which could not be distributed. Total Institution Deaths distributed and not distributed. Inquest Cases. Total all Ages. Males all Ages. Females all Ages. 0-1. 1-2. 2-5. 5-15. 15-25. 25-45. 45-65. 65 and upwards. West. North. Central. East. South. South Norwood. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. VIII.— Diseases of the Skin and of the Cellular Tissue. 142 (A) Senile gangrene 1 … 1 … 1 … … 1 … … … 4 … 4 … … … … … … … 4 142 (B C.D.) Gangrene, other types (B) Noma, Gangrene of mouth 1 … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 … 1 … … 1 … … … … … (C) Noma pudendi … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (D) Other gangrene … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 143 Carbuncle, Boil … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 144 (A.B.) Phlegmon, acute abscess (A) Phlegmon 1 … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … … … … … … … 1 … (B) Acute abscess … … … … 1 … … … … … … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 145 (A. B.C. D.) Diseases of the integumentary system (A) Ulcer, Bedsore … … … … … 1 … … … 1 … 1 1 … … … … … … 1 … … (B) Eczema … 1 … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … … … … … … … … 1 (C) Pemphigus … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (D) Other disease of integumentary system … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … IX. — Diseases of the Bones and of the Organs of Locomotion. 146 Diseases of the bones … 1 … … 1 1 … … … 3 … 3 1 2 1 … … … … … 2 … 147 Diseases of the joints … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 148 Amputations … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 149 Other diseases of locomotor system … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … X. —Malformation. 150 (A.B.C.D.) Congenital malformations (A) Congenital hydrocephalus 1 … … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … (B) Phimosis 1 … 1 … … … … … … … … 2 2 … 2 … … … … … … … (C) Congenital malformation of heart 1 1 … 2 … 3 … 3 … … 4 10 5 5 8 2 … … … … … … (D) Other congenital malformations 2 1 … 1 … … … … … 1 … 4 2 2 3 … 1 … … … … … 32 XI.— Diseases of Early Infancy. 151 (A) Premature birth 15 12 5 10 8 6 3 7 … 7 3 66 40 26 66 … … … … … … … 151 (B.C.D. £.) Infantile debility, Icterus & Sclerema (B) Infantile atrophy, debility and marasmus 10 7 8 4 3 6 1 4 … 5 1 39 26 13 39 … … … … … … … (C) Icterus neonatorum … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (D) Sclerema and oedema neonatorum … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (E) Want of breas milk … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 152 (A. B. C. D.) Other diseases peculiar to early infancy (A) Diseases of umbilicus, &c. 1 … … … … … … … … … … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … (B) Atelectasis 1 … … 2 … 3 … … … 1 1 6 3 3 6 … … … … … … … (C) Injuries at birth … … … … … 1 … … … … … 1 1 … 1 … … … … … … … (D) Cyanosis neonatorum … … … 1 … … … … … … … 1 … 1 1 … … … … … … … 153 Lack of care … … … … ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … XII.— Old Age. 154 (A. B ) Old age (A) Senile dementia 2 … … … 1 1 … … … … … 4 3 1 … … … … … … 1 3 (B) Senile decay 21 12 11 12 4 4 6 4 … 4 9 74 21 53 … … … … … … … 74 XIII.— Affections produced by External Causes. 155 Suicide by poison … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 156 Suicide by asphyxia 1 … … … … … … … … … 1 1 1 … … … … … … … … … 157 Suicide by hanging or strangulation … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 158 Suicide by drowning … … … … … … … 1 … … 1 1 1 … … … … … … … … 1 159 Suicide by firearms … 1 … … … 1 … … … 2 3 3 3 … … … … … … 2 … … 160 Suicide by cutting and piercing instruments … 2 … … … 1 … … … 1 3 3 2 1 … … … … … 1 1 1 161 Suicide by jumping from high place … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 162 Suicide by crushing … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 163 Other suicides … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 164 Poisoning by food … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 165 Other acute poisonings 1 … … … … … … 1 … 2 2 2 1 1 … ... … … … … … … 166 Conflagration 1 … … … … … … … … 1 2 2 … 2 … … … … … … … 1 167 Burns (conflagration excepted) 3 2 … … … … … … … 4 4 5 3 2 2 2 1 … … … … … 168 Absorption of deleterious gases (conflagration excepted) l … … 1 … 1 … 3 … … 6 6 6 … 5 … … … … … 1 … 169 Accidental drowning … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 170 Injury by firearms . 6 2 … 5 1 1 … 1 … 13 12 16 12 4 … … … 2 6 6 2 … 171 Injury by cutting or piercing instruments … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … ... … … … … 33 TABLE III— continued No. CAUSE. LOCALITIES. Institution & Street Deaths which could not be distributed. Total Institution Deaths distributed and not distributed. Inquest Cases. Total all Ages. Males all Ages. Females all Ages. -1 1-2. 2-5. 5-15. 15-25. 25-45 45-65. 65 and upwards. | West. North. ' Central. East. South. South Norwood. Upper Norwood. Thornton Heath. 172 Injury by fall 6 4 2 2 … ... … 4 … 13 16 18 16 2 … … … … 1 2 3 12 173 Injury in mines and quarries … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 174 Injury by machines … … … … … … … … 1 … … … … … … … … … … … … … 175 Injury by other crushing (vehicles, railways, landslides, &c.) 7 4 1 1 3 … … … … 11 16 17 14 3 … … 2 1 4 4 3 3 176 Injury by animals … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 177 Starvation … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 178 Excessive cold … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 179 Effects of heat … 1 … … … … … … … … … 1 1 … … … … 1 … … … … 180 Lightning … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 181 Electricity (lightning excepted) … … … … … … 1 … … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … 1 … … 182 Homicide by firearms … … … … … ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 183 Homicide by cutting or piercing instruments … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 184 Homicide by other means … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 185 Fractures (cause not specified) … 2 1 … 1 … … … … 4 4 4 … 4 … … … … … … … 4 186 Other violence … 1 2 1 … … … … … 3 3 4 3 1 … … 1 … 1 1 … 1 XIV.— Ill-Defined Causes. 187 Dropsy … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 188 (A) Syncope (aged 1 year and under 70) … 1 … … 2 … … … … … … 3 1 2 … … … 1 … 1 1 … 188 (B) Sudden death (not otherwise defined … … … … … 1 … … … … … 1 1 … … … … … … … 1 … 189 (A) Heart failure (aged 1 year and under 70) … 2 1 1 … 2 … … … 1 1 6 3 3 … … … … … 1 2 3 189 (B.C.D.E.) Other ill-defined causes (B) Atrophy, debility, marasmus (aged 1 year and under 70) … … … … 1 … … … … … … 1 … 1 … … … … … … … 1 (C) Teething … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (D) Pyrexia … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (E) Other ill defined deaths … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 189 (F) Cause not specified … 1 … … … … … 1 … 2 … 2 1 1 … … … 1 … 1 … … Totals 553 451 236 254 248 348 99 208 18 641 235 2415 1235 1180 307 87 105 112 86 287 492 939 he total Institution Deaths include those of strangers occuring within the Borough. Deaths of such strangers occurring at the Workhouse, Workhouse Infirmary, Borough Hospital, General Hospital, Purley Cottage Hospital, Norwood Cottage Hospital, and 99, Central Hill (Servants' Reformatory), are excluded from all other columns of the Table. 34 35 TABLE IV. County Borough of Croydon— Whole Borough. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under t Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths Under One Year. All Causes. Certified 87 20 15 6 128 53 45 39 4'2 307 Uncertified … … … … … … … … … … Small-pox … … … … … … … … … … Chicken-pox … … … … … … … … … … Measles … 1 … … 1 … 2 3 10 16 Scarlet Fever … … … … … … … … … … Whooping Cough … … … … … … 2 1 … 3 Diphtheria and Croup … … … … … … … … … ... Erysipelas … … … … … … … 1 1 2 Tuberculous Meningitis … … … … … … … 2 1 3 Abdominal Tuberculosis … … … … … … … … … … Other Tuberculous Diseases … … … … … … … … … … Meningitis (not Tuberculous) … 1 … … 1 … … 2 … 3 Convulsions 5 5 1 1 12 4 2 1 4 23 Laryngitis … … … … … … … … … … Bronchitis … … … … 1 4 4 3 2 14 Pneumonia (all forms) … … … … 1 11 4 14 9 39 Diarrhœa … … 1 … 1 1 3 3 1 9 Enteritis 1 … … … 1 3 7 4 5 20 Gastritis … … … … … 2 1 … … 3 Syphilis … … … … … … … … … … Rickets … … … … … … … … … … Suffocation, overlying 2 … … … 2 1 1 1 … 5 Injury at Birth 1 … … … 1 … … … … 1 Atelectasis 4 … … … 4 … … … … 4 Congenital Malformations 4 2 1 … 7 2 2 … 2 13 Premature Birth 54 4 5 … 63 3 1 … … 67 Atrophy, Debility and Marasmus 10 2 6 2 20 13 8 1 … 42 Other causes 6 4 1 2 13 9 8 3 7 40 87 20 15 6 128 53 45 39 42 307 legitimate, 3496. legitimate infants 271. Nett Birth in the year Nett Deaths in the year illegitimate, 203 illegitimate infants, 36. 36 TABLE IV.— Continued. County Borough of Croydon— West Ward. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from slated Causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths Under 1 Year. All Causes. Certified 23 5 5 2 35 14 13 5 15 82 uncertified … … … … … … … … … … Small-pox … … … … … … … … ... … Chicken-pox … ... … … … … … … … … Measles … … … … … … 1 1 5 7 Scarlet Fever … … … … … … … … … … Whooping Cough … … … … … … … … … … Diphtheria and Croup … … … … … … … … … ... Erysipelas … … … … … … … … … ... Tuberculous Meningitis … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Abdominal Tuberculosis … … … … … … … … … … Other Tuberculous Diseases … … … … … … ... … … … Meningitis (not Tuberculous) … 1 … … 1 … … … … 1 Convulsions 1 … … … 1 … 2 … … 3 Laryngitis … … … … … … … … … … Bronchitis … … … … … 2 2 … 2 6 Pneumonia (all forms) … … … 1 1 2 … 1 3 7 Diarihœa … … 1 … 1 1 1 1 1 5 Enteritis 1 … … … 1 … 1 1 2 5 Gastritis … … … … … … 1 … … 1 Syphilis … … … … … … … … … … Rickets … … … … … … … … … … Suffocation, overlying … … … … … … … … … ... Injury at birth … … … … … … … … … … Atelectasis 1 … … … 1 … … … … 1 Congenital Malformations 2 … 1 … 3 1 … … … 4 Premature Birth 12 1 1 … 14 2 … … … 16 Atrophy, Debility, and Marasmus 5 1 1 … 7 4 3 … … 14 Other causes 1 2 1 1 5 2 2 … 2 11 23 5 5 2 35 14 13 5 15 82 legitimate, 799. legitimate infants, 72. Nett Births in the year Nett Deaths in the year illegitimate, 45. illegitimate infants, 10. 37 TABLE IV. County Borough of Croydon— North Ward. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths Under One Year. All Causes. Certified 11 3 1 … 15 11 12 8 6 52 Uncertified … … … … … … … … … … Small-pox … … … … … … … … … … Chicken-pox … … … … … … … … … … Measles … … … … … … … 1 1 2 Scarlet Fever … … … … … … … … … … Whooping Cough … … … … … … 1 … … 1 Diphtheria and Croup … … … … … … … … … … Erysipelas … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Tuberculous Meningitis … … … … … … … … … … Abdominal Tuberculosis … … … … … … … … … … Other Tuberculous Diseases … … … … … … … … … … Meningitis(not Tuberculous) … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Convulsions 1 2 … … … … … … 2 5 Laryngitis … … … … … … … … … … Bronchitis … … … … … … 1 … … 1 Pneumonia (all forms) … … … … … … 1 1 … 2 Diarrhœa … … … … … … 2 … … 2 Enteritis … … … … … 1 … 2 1 4 Gastritis … … … … … 1 … … … 1 Syphilis … … … … … … … … … … Rickets … … … … … … … … … … Suffocation, overlying … … … … … … … … … … Injury at Birth … … … … … … … … … … Atelectasis … … … … … … … … … … Congenital Malformations … … … … … … 1 … … 1 Premature Birth 10 1 1 … 12 … … … … 12 Atrophy, Debility and Marasmus … … … … … 5 3 1 … 9 Other causes … … … … … 4 3 1 2 10 11 3 1 … 15 11 12 8 6 52 legitimate, 665. legitimate infants, 46. Nett Births in the year Nett Deaths in the year illegitimate, 83. illegitimate infants, 6. 38 TABLE IV.— Continued. County Borough of Croydon— Central Ward. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated Causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths Under 1 Year. All Causes. Certified 8 … 3 … 11 3 4 5 2 25 Uncertified … … … … … … … … … ... Small-pox … … … … … … … … … … Chicken-pox … … … … … … … … … … Measles … … … … … … … … … … Scarlet Fever … … … … … … … … … … Whooping Cough … … … … … … … … … … Diphtheria and Croup … … … … … … … … … … Erysipelas … … … … … … … … 1 1 Tuberculous Meningitis … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Abdominal Tuberculosis … … … … … … … … … … Other Tuberculous Diseases … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Meningitis [not Tuberculous) … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Convulsions 2 … … … 2 1 … … … 3 Laryngitis … … … … … … … … … … Bronchitis … … … … … … 1 1 … 2 Pneumonia (all forms) … … … … … … 1 I … 2 Diarrhœa … … … … … … … … … Enteritis … … … … … … 2 … 1 3 Gastritis … … … … … … … ... … … Syphilis … … … … … … … … … … Rickets … … … … … … … … … … Suffocation, overlying … … … … … … … … … … Injury at birth … … … … … … … … … … Atelectasis … … … … … … … … … … Congenital Malformations 1 … … … … … … … … 1 Premature Birth 5 … … … 5 … … … … 5 Atrophy, Debility, and Marasmus … … 3 … 3 … … … … 3 Other causes … … … … … 2 … … … 2 8 … 3 … 11 3 4 5 2 25 Nett Births in the year legitimate . 255 Nett Deaths in the year legitimate, 23. illegitimate, 9. illegimate, 2. 39 TABLE IV. — Continued. County Borough of Croydon—East Ward. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months Total Deaths under 1 Year All Causes. Certified 11 5 3 … 19 4 1 4 3 31 Uncertified … … … … … … … … … … Small-pox … … … … … … … … … … Chicken-pox … … … … … … … … … … Measles … … … … … …… … … … … Scarlet Fever … … … … … … … … … ... Whooping Cough … … … … … … … … … … Diphtheria and Croup … … … … … … … … … … Erysipelas … … … … … … … … … … Tuberculous Meningitis … … … … … … … … … … Abdominal Tuberculosis … … … … … … … … … … Other Tuberculous Diseases … … … … … … … … … … Meningitis (not Tuberculous) … … … … … … … … … … Convulsions … 3 … … 3 … … … … 3 Laryngitis … … … … … … … … … … Bronchitis … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Pneumonia (all forms) … … … … … 1 … 2 1 4 Diarrhœa … … … … … … … … … … Enteritis … … … … … 1 … … 1 2 Gastritis … … … … … … … … … … Syphilis … … … … … … … … … … Rickets … … … … … … … … … … Suffocation, overlying … … … … … … … … … … Injury at Birth … … … … … … … … … … Atelectasis 1 … … … 1 … … … … 1 Congenital Malformations … 1 … … 1 … 1 … 1 3 Premature Birth 7 1 2 … 10 … … … … 10 Atropy, Debility and Marasmus 1 … 1 … 2 2 … … … 4 Other causes 2 ... ... ... 2 ... ... 1 ... 3 11 5 3 ... 19 4 1 4 3 31 legitimate, 426. legitimate infants, 26. Nett Births in the year Nett Deaths in the year of illegitimate, 21. illegitimate infants, 5. 40 TABLE IV.— Continued. County Borough of Croydon— South Ward. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated Causes at various ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths under 1 Year. All Causes. Certified ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Uncertified ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Small-pox ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Chicken-pox ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Measles ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 ... 2 Scarlet Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Whooping Cough ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Diphtheria and Croup ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Erysipelas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Tuberculous Meningitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Abdominal Tuberculosis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Other Tuberculous Diseases ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Meningitis (not Tuberculous) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Convulsions ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 ... 2 Laryngitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bronchitis ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... 1 Pneumonia (all forms) ... ... ... ... ... 4 1 1 ... 6 Diarrhœa ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 Enteritis ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 1 ... 3 Gastritis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Syphilis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Rickets ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suffocation, overlying ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Injury at birth ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Atelectasis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Congental Malformation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Premature Birth 7 ... 1 ... 8 ... ... ... ... 8 Atrophy, Debility, and Marasmus 2 ... ... ... 2 ... ... ... ... 2 Other causes ... ... ... 1 1 1 1 ... 1 4 9 ... 1 1 11 8 4 5 1 29 legitimate, 304. legitimate infants, 27. Nett Births in the year Nett Deaths in the year of illegitimate, 4. illegitimate infants, 2. 41 TABLE IV.— Continued. County Borough of Croydon— South Norwood. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated Causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths Under 1 Year. All Causes. Certified 14 2 2 ... 18 7 6 7 5 43 Uncertified ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Small-pox ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Chicken-pox ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Measles ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 1 Scarlet Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Whooping Cough ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 1 Diphtheria and Croup ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Erysipelas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Tuberculous Meningitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 l Abdominal Tuberculosis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Other Tuberculous Diseases ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Meningitis (not Tuberculous) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Convulsions 1 ... 1 ... 2 2 ... ... ... 4 Laryngitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bronchitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 Pneumonia (all forms) ... ... ... ... ... 2 l 5 1 9 Diarrhœa ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 Enteritis ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 ... ... 2 Gastritis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Syphilis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Rickets ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suffocation, overlying 1 ... ... ... 1 1 ... ... ... 2 Injury at birth 1 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 1 Atelectasis 2 ... ... ... 2 ... ... ... ... 2 Congenital Malformations 1 ... ... ... 1 1 ... ... 1 3 Premature Birth 6 ... ... ... 6 ... ... ... ... 6 Atrophy, Debility, and Marasmus 1 1 1 ... 3 1 1 ... ... 5 Other causes 1 1 ... ... 2 ... 1 ... 1 4 14 2 2 ... 18 7 6 7 5 43 legitimate, 544. legitimate infants, 38. Net Births in the year Nett Deaths in the year illegitimate, 15. illegitimate infants, 5 42 TABLE IV.— Continued. County Borough of Croydon— Upper Norwood. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated Causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week. 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths Under 1 Year. All Causes. Certified 5 1 ... ... 6 ... ... 1 ... 7 Uncertified ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Small-pox ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Chicken-pox ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Measles ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Scarlet Fever ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Whooping Cough ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Diphtheria and Croup ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Erysipelas ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Tuberculous Meningitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Abdominal Tuberculosis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Other Tuberculous Diseases ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Meningitis (not Tuberculous) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Convulsions ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Laryngitis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Bronchitis ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 1 Pneumonia (all forms) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 1 Diarrhœa ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Enteritis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Gastritis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Syphilis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Rickets ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Suffocation, overlying ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Injury at birth ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Atelectasis ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Congenital Malformations … … … … … … … … … … Premature Birth 3 … … … 3 … … … … 3 Atrophy, Debility, and Marasmus 1 … … … 1 … … … … 1 Other causes 1 … … … 1 … … … … 1 5 1 … … 6 … … 1 … 7 legitimate, 137. legitimate nfants, 7. Nett Births in the year Nett Deaths in the year illegitimate, 7. illegitimate infants, 0. 43 TABLE IV.— Continued. County Borough of Croydon— Thornton Heath. INFANT MORTALITY. 1915. Nett Deaths from stated causes at various Ages under One Year of Age. CAUSES OF DEATH. Under 1 Week, 1-2 Weeks. 2-3 Weeks. 3-4 Weeks. Total under 1 Month. 1-3 Months. 3-6 Months. 6-9 Months. 9-12 Months. Total Deaths Under One Year. All Causes. Certified 6 4 … 3 13 6 5 5 9 38 Uncertified … … … … … … … … … … Small-pox … … … … … … … … … … Chicken-pox … … … … … … … … … … Measles … 1 … … … … … … 2 3 Scarlet Fever … … … … … … … … … … Whooping Cough … … … … … … … 1 … 1 Diphtheria and Croup … … … … … … … … … … Erysipelas … … … … … … … … … ... Tuberculous Meningitis … … … … … … … … … … Abdominal Tuberculosis … … … … … … … … … … Other Tuberculous Diseases … … … … … … … … … ... Meningitis (not Tuberculous) … … … … … … … … … … Convulsions … … … 1 1 … … … 2 3 Laryngitis … … … … … … … … … … Bronchitis … … … … … 1 … … … 1 Pneumonia (all forms) … … … … … 2 … 2 4 8 Diarrhœa … … … … … … … … … … Enteritis … … … … … … 1 … … 1 Gastritis … … … … … 1 … … … 1 Syphilis … … … … … … … … … … Rickets … … … … … … … … … … Suffocation, overlying … … … … 1 … 1 1 … 3 injury at Birth … … … … … … … … … … Atelectasis … … … … … … … … … … Congenital Malformations … 1 … … 1 … … … … 1 Premature Birth … 1 … … 5 1 1 … … 7 Atrophy, Debility and Marasmus … … … 2 2 1 1 … … 4 Other causes 1 1 … … 2 … 1 1 1 5 6 4 … 3 13 6 5 5 9 38 legitimate, 366. legitimate infants, 32. Nett Births in the year Nett Deaths in the year illegitimate, 19. illegitimate infants, 6. TABLE V. Table showing the number of cases notified and deaths from the principal zymotic diseases for the Year 1915 and ten preceding Years. Disease. 1915. 1914. 1913. 1912. 1911. 1910. 1909. 1908. 1907. 1906. 1905. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Cases. Deaths. Notifiable. Cerebro- Spinal Meningitis 24 9 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Poliomyelitis 4 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Small Pox .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 .. .. .. Scarlet Fever 414 5 748 5 470 3 476 2 468 7 759 7 727 9 534 5 661 11 425 8 416 11 Diphtheria and (i) Memb.Croup 195 14 226 18 451 16 767 25 514 37 267 21 356 24 405 37 286 40 304 40 266 25 (2) Erysipelas 82 3 96 ; 107 6 84 6 79 5 69 1 92 3 60 5 73 4 68 2 78 5 Puerperal Fever 12 5 9 3 6 4 10 3 12 4 8 1 16 5 10 5 7 4 9 2 11 5 Enteric Fever 22 3 20 5 32 6 32 7 24 7 26 21 3 52 5 19 1 34 5 34 4 Simple Continued Fever .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Non-notifiable. Tuberculosis (3) 550 238 503 192 519 202 312 140 240 165 130 135 139 152 106 150 13 160 96 173 75 162 'Diarrhoea and Enteritis .. 62 .. 67 .. 85 .. 58 .. 147 .. 51 .. 45 .. 75 .. 56 .. 203 .. 74 Measles (4) .. 108 .. 8 .. 58 .. 31 .. 29 .. 31 .. 21 .. 92 .. 8 .. 37 .. 24 Whooping Cough .. 12 .. 24 .. 23 .. 13 .. 38 .. 20 .. 30 .. 29 .. 32 .. 28 .. 31 Influenza .. 45 .. 15 .. 26 .. 18 .. 14 .. 25 .. 59 .. 52 .. 31 .. 20 .. 30 Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and .. Pleurisy .. 399 .. 313 .. 297 .. 250 .. 280 .. 251 .. 323 .. 282 .. 316 .. 218 .. 302 (1) Notifiable since May, 1897. (2) Notifiable since January, 1900. (3) Voluntary Notification, 1903-09. (4) Notifiable after January 1st, 1916. Poor Law Cases, Compulsorily Notifiable 1st Jan., 1909. Cases Treated in Hospital. Compulsorily Notifiable 1st May, 1911. All cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis notifiable 1st January, 1912. All forms of Tuberculosis notifiable 1st February, 1913. In the above Table deaths of Non-residents occurring at the Workhouse, Workhouse Infirmary, Borough Hospital, General Hospital, Norwood Cottage Hospital, Purley Cottage Hospital, and 99, Central Hill (Servants Reformatory), are excluded. Prior to 1903 correction was only made for the first three institutions. 44 TABLE VI. Vital Statistics of separate Wards in 1915 and previous years. Names or Localities 1. North Ward. 2. West Ward 3. Central Ward. 4. East Ward. 5. South Ward 6. South Norwood Ward. 7. Upper Norwood Sub-Division. 8. Thornton Heath Sub-Division. 9. Undistributed Institution Births and Deaths. YEAR Population estimated to middle of each year. Births registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year Population estimated to middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year. Population estimated to middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year. Population estimated to middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year. Population estimated to middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year. Population estimated to middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year. Population estimated at middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year, Population estimated to middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year. Population estimated to middle of each year. Births Registered. Deaths at all ages. Deaths under 1 Year. a b c d a b c d a b e d a b c d a b c d a b e d a b c d a b c d b e d 1904 .. .. .. .. 46,741 1319 699 190 17,051 362 229 35 16,346 375 193 47 19,107 399 227 55 21,925 621 322 70 8,327 148 90 20 14,922 463 192 63 82 46 3 1905 .. .. .. .. 47,944 1446 706 162 17,106 344 236 37 16,983 387 161 30 404 384 197 34 22,370 648 297 60 8,335 134 105 10 15,562 466 159 39 85 21 .. 1906* .. .. .. .. 49,219 1451 744 207 17,171 362 255 51 17,530 393 182 51 19,711 366 232 40 22,825 630 276 61 8,343 148 88 7 16,212 447 227 65 89 15 3 1907* .. .. .. .. 50,500 1515 715 171 17,236 351 207 38 18,083 392 172 25 20,022 363 210 29 23,284 643 285 55 8,351 145 94 9 16,866 456 195 44 102 23 .. 1908* .. .. .. .. 51,801 1550 747 185 17,310 340 209 24 18,634 3S8 190 30 20,329 361 237 36 23,739 647 267 61 8,364 156 119 6 17,521 492 231 53 83 21 3 1909* .. .. .. .. 53,125 1560 721 142 17,394 266 211 24 19,185 396 189 33 20,636 371 198 27 24,195 654 267 39 8.377 151 87 8 18,176 455 184 40 85 23 .. 1010* .. .. .. .. 54,459 1489 693 149 17,478 298 179 21 19,736 404 195 33 20,943 376 180 30 24,651 548 239 45 8,388 139 102 6 18,831 474 168 47 82 27 .. 1911 29,701 091 275 54 33,592 800 473 107 16,167 295 199 32 20,175 377 217 42 18.998 360 209 42 25,609 572 325 65 8,128 112 105 10 18,081 430 190 43 111 29 2 1912 30,450 683 273 46 34 964 829 436 88 16,119 298 190 25 20,743 417 199 27 19,111 370 203 24 26,228 577 281 39 8,115 131 103 14 18,527 416 174 35 140 34 .. 1913 31,117 781 349 69 36,424 800 451 90 16,070 332 216 36 21,323 402 226 37 19,220 337 234 37 26,850 594 319 54 8,102 112 98 8 18,982 425 182 37 107 21 .. 1914 31,869 729 302 45 37,302 841 490 95 16.021 290 175 27 21.837 468 214 32 19,690 353 218 28 27.498 628 304 42 8,298 109 101 10 19,441 496 159 40 113 21 .. Averages of Years 1904 to 1914. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17,512 354 230 35 21,057 440 214 38 21,718 374 234 38 24,917 576 318 59 8,313 138 109 11 18,312 462 200 50 108 28 1 Averages of Years 1911 to 1914 30,784 721 300 53 35,570 817 452 95 Averages of Years 1904 to 1910 inclusive. .. .. .. .. 50,541 1476 718 172 1915 30 993 669 451 52 36,276 844 553 82 15 985 264 236 25 21.236 447 254 31 19.148 308 248 29 26.732 559 348 43 8,069 144 99 7 18 906 385 208 38 177.345 79 18 .. Notes.— Deaths of residents occurring beyond the district are included in sub-columns c of this table, and those of non-residents occurring at the Workhouse, Workhouse Infirmary, Borough Hospital, General Hospital, Norwood Cottage Hospital, Purley Cottage Hospital, and 99, Central Hill (Servants' Reformatory) are excluded. Deaths of residents occurring in Public Institutions are allotted to the respective localities, according to the addresses of the deceased, and all deaths of Croydon residents whose exact home could not be ascertained, are included in Block 9. * Including North Ward. 45 46 47 WORK OF SANITARY INSPECTING STAFF. GENERAL SANITARY WORK. The usual summary is given in Table VIII., which gives a fair idea of the various matters engaging the attention of the Sanitary Inspectors. Inspections.— During the year 4,193 house to house inspections were made, as compared with 4,185 in 1914. With very few exceptions the houses from which infectious diseases were notified, including tuberculosis, were thoroughly inspected and the drains examined. Combined drainage.—The number of systems of combined drainage dealt with as single private drains during the year was 12. This work was carried out under the provisions of the Croydon Corporation Act, 1905. The cost of carrying out the necessary works amounted to £219, and was borne by the owners instead of by the inhabitants at large. House drains relaid.—In 103 instances the whole of the house drains were relaid, and 256 house drains were repaired or partially relaid. Examination of drains.—109 written applications were received for the examination of the drains and sanitary condition of houses by occupiers or intending occupiers. In all cases special reports were made by the District Inspectors, copies of which were forwarded to the applicants; where defects were found, and in many cases where improvements were suggested, the work was carried out by the owners without the necessity of serving sanitary notices. Notices and Council Orders.—Most of the nuisances discovered were remedied on receipt of informal notices, but in 87 cases Council Orders had to be applied for. They were all complied with at the end of the year. Legal proceedings.—In two instances proceedings had to be instituted to enforce Council Orders. One case was that of dampness in a house caused by an unprotected 9-in. brick wall allowing the rain to soak through into the bedrooms of a house rented at £50 a year. The other case was a defective house drain. In both cases the Magistrates made an Order for the necessary work to be done. In each case the Order was complied forthwith. r 48 MUNICIPAL COMMON LODGING HOUSE. This Lodging House affords accommodation for 17 \vomen and 84 men. The number of nightly occupants during the year amounted to 29,139 men and 3,402 women, making a total of 32,541. The average number of lodgers amounted to 80 men and 9 women per night. The receipts and expenditure (exclusive of sinking fund and interest) for the past six years were:— Receipts. Expenditure. £ s. d. £ s. d. 1910 765 13 2 670 16 11 1911 802 12 7 610 7 11 1912 764 1 7 662 3 9 1913 765 6 7 623 14 4 1914 822 4 9 735 8 9 1915 787 9 1 737 17 10 OTHER COMMON LODGING HOUSES. There are ten other houses on the register. The following Table gives the situation of the ten registered houses and the accommodation provided therein:— Premises. No. of Rooms. Accommodation. 11 & 12, Princess Road 12 54 men and 8 married couples. 9, Prospect Place 7 18 men and 5 married couples. 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 & 24, Lahore Road 30 50 men, 10 women, and 6 married couples. 52, Union Street 13 30 men. Nos. 19 to 24, Lahore Road—These houses are under one management and worked as one establishment, as also are Nos. 11 and 12, Princess Road. Practically, therefore, only four common lodging houses now remain in the Borough, with a total accommodation of 200 adults, or if we add the Municipal Common Lodging House, a total of five houses with 263 single beds and 19 double beds. During the year common lodging houses received 464 visits, while four houses received night visits. Minor infringements of bye-laws were detected on 12 occasions, but in no case were they sufficiently serious for legal proceedings to be taken. 49 HOUSES LET IN LODGINGS. There are 52 houses registered under the bye-laws. During the year these houses received 814 visits. On no occasion were offences discovered for which prosecutions were necessary. At the present moment the following houses are registered as houses let in lodgings:— Wilford Road 29 Forster Road 9 Holmesdale Road 4 Beulah Grove 1 Eiy Road 8 Princess Road 1 52 HOUSE INSPECTIONS made by the Sanitary Inspectors during the year ended 31st December, 1915. Inspector. House-to-House Inspections. Informal Notices served. Informal Notices complied with. Culver 607 294 252 Peck 672 398 289 Richardson 708 469 470 Vincent 831 345 451 Flint 627 530 499 Hunt 748 410 0 Totals for the year 4193 2446 2057 As a result of these inspections, 2,446 preliminary notices were served during the year, of which 2,057 were complied with. The numbers in this table are in addition to 711 inspections of houses where infectious diseases has been notified, and 103 inspections on request of larger houses where the drains were tested and special reports sent to occupiers, prospective occupiers, or owners. Full details of general sanitary work are given in the Summary in Table VIII. FACTORY AND WORKSHOP ACT. Section 132 of the Factory and Workshop Act, 1901, provides:— "The Medical Officer of Health of every District Council shall, in his Annual Report to them, report specifically on the administration of this Act in workshops and workplaces and he shall send a copy of his Annual Report, or so much of it as deals with this subject, to the Secretary of State." 50 The following is a summary of the work done under this Act in Croydon during 1915. FACTORIES. For the most part, the law relating to Factories is administered by the Home Office. 181 visits were, however, made to Factories, 101 being in reference to sanitary accommodation, 28 in reference to cleanliness of earth closets, 15 in reference to new occupation, 4 in reference to alleged smoke nuisance, 4 in reference to extra sanitary accommodation at a munition factory, 7 in reference to extra sanitary accommodation at a potted meat factory, 7 in reference to intervening ventilated space at a sign writer's, 5 in reference to screening of W.C's. at two munition factories, 2 in reference to screening of W.C's. at a steam laundry, 2 in reference to sanitary conditions of mess room at steam laundry, 5 in reference to extra sanitary accommodation at a steam laundry, 3 in reference to extra sanitary accommodation at a dairy, and 5 in reference to intervening ventilated space at a steam laundry. WORKSHOPS. The number of workshops on the register is 728; the number of visits paid by the Inspector is 1408. The following is a list of the various matters which required attention:— Factories. Workshops Laundries Bakehouses. Workplaces. Outworkers. Total Screening of W C's. 2 6 1 — — — 9 Cleansing, etc. — 14 6 43 4 4 71 Insufficient W.C. accommodation 3 4 - - - - 7 Defective ditto 1 20 3 16 8 2 50 Overcrowding — 2 — — — — 2 Dustbins — — — 2 — - 2 Paving — — 2 — — — 2 Want of ventilation of stoves - 12 - — - - 12 Want of intervening ventilated space 2 6 — — - - 8 Sundry defects 1 22 3 18 6 6 56 9 86 15 79 18 12 119 Preliminary Notices served— Factories 7 Workshops 19 Laundries 1 Bakehouses 5 Workplaces 4 Outworkers — 36 51 These 36 notices were duly complied with : the remainder of the matters requiring attention were satisfactorily dealt with by verbal notice. Sixty-one communications were sent to H.M. Inspector of Factories in accordance with the various requirements of the Act. HOMEWORK. 158 lists were received from employers, containing the names of 367 outworkers residing in the Borough. 146 further names were received from the Medical Officers of Health of various neighbouring districts, and the names of 40 outworkers residing outside the Borough were similarly despatched to the Medical Officer of Health for the district concerned. 128 visits were paid to outworkers. 80 visits were made to premises of employers of outworkers for the purpose of examining lists and other particulars. BAKEHOUSES. At the end of the year there were 91 Bakehouses in occupation, of which 7 were underground. 609 visits were made by the Inspector during the year, and 79 nuisances discovered and abated. WORKPLACES. At the end of the year there were 90 workplaces on the register. 92 visits to eating-house kitchens have been made, and 18 notices served for cleansing and other defects, which have been complied with. SMOKE NUISANCES. Forty-two observations were made, and 12 persons were cautioned. 52 52 MEAT INSPECTIONS. Inspection of meat has been carried out as in previous years. There are 14 registered slaughter houses in the Borough, in addition to the Municipal slaughter houses at Pitlake, which consist of 12 slaughter houses with lairs. Eight of these slaughter houses are let to private occupiers at annual rentals, the other four are reserved for public use at fixed charges per head of the various animals slaughtered. During the year 26 notices have been served on the owners of occupiers of private slaughter houses, relative to matters requiring attention under the provisions of the Public Health Acts or the Slaughter House Bye-Laws, chiefly minor repairs to buildings or yards adjoining, all of which have been complied with at the end of the year The following table gives a summary of the work done during the year • Summary of inspections during 1915. I. Date. 1915. Slaughterhouses. Butchers. Fishmongers. Markets. Cowkeepers. Dairies. Other Premises. Total. January 9th 229 66 33 12 15 33 7 395 February 6th 130 72 26 8 10 39 5 290 March 13th 166 86 29 10 11 57 11 370 April 10th 112 69 19 8 10 17 5 240 May 1st 110 48 13 6 15 18 8 218 " 29th 139 82 23 8 17 27 11 307 June 19th 109 55 13 6 20 39 5 247 July 10th 106 68 15 6 10 21 8 234 September 11th 223 137 26 14 17 47 10 474 October 9th 122 68 27 8 14 32 5 276 November 6th 127 81 33 8 18 38 5 310 " 27th 89 60 13 6 18 46 5 237 Totals 1662 892 270 100 175 414 85 3598 53 The two following tables shew the number of animals slaughtered at the Public Slaughter Houses, Pitlake, during the year 1915, and a summary of the totals for the last ten years :— I9I5 II. Slaughterhouses. Cattle. Sheep. Pigs. Calves. Total. Private 600 3803 21839 2467 28709 Public 400 1536 567 72 2575 Totals 1000 5339 22406 2539 31284 Summary for ten years, 1906 to 1915. III. Year. Cattle, Sheep. Pigs. Calves. Total. 1906 790 8284 20080 4764 33918 1907 734 7080 19099 5617 32530 1908 696 6365 18525 3894 29480 1909 579 7256 20106 2480 30421 1910 743 10541 16854 2990 31128 1911 635 9724 19371 3961 33691 1912 727 7874 19765 4017 32383 1913 458 4863 15282 3003 23606 1914 589 4171 13281 2667 20708 1915 1000 5339 22406 2539 31284 Totals 6951 71497 184769 35932 299149 54 Summary of Meat and other articles of food destroyed as unfit for food with total weight:— 1915, IV. ARTICLES. Weight in lbs. Remarks. Diseased. Unsound. Total. Beef 13,980 2,038 16,018 Including 30 carcases. Mutton 303 885 1,188 "27 " Pork 14,402 92 14,494 „ 71 „ Veal 168 172 340 " 8 „ Offal 6,455 975 7,430 ,, foreign frozen offal. Fish ... 2,996 2,996 Catfish, Dabs, Dogfish, Herrings, Haddocks, Saithe and Winkles. Fruit ... 100 100 Tomatoes and Dates. Other Articles ... 866 866 Potatoes, Onions, Rabbits & Green Bacon. Total lbs. 35,308 8,124 43,432 Including 136 carcases. Summary of whole carcases condemned, with the reasons for such condemnation and the total weights :— 1915. V. Class of Animal. Tuberculosis. Peritonitis. Pneumonia. F leurisy. Metritis. Enteritis. Swine Fever. Jaundice. Mammitis. Nephritis. Septicaemia. | Measles. Emaciated, various causes. Immature. Injuries. Decomposition Total carcases. Total Weight of carcases in lbs. Cattle 20 1 1 .. 1 2 .. .. .. .. 1 .. 1 .. 1 .. 30 14084 Sheep .. .. 4 1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 .. 5 13 27 1076 Pigs 30 1 .. 1 .. 1 24 7 .. 3 .. 1 1 .. 2 .. 71 8417 Calves .. .. .. .. .. 2 .. 1 .. .. .. .. .. 4 1 .. 8 340 Totals 50 2 5 2 1 5 24 8 1 3 1 1 6 4 9 14 136 23917 55 Summary of Carcases in which Tuberculosis was found in the course of inspection and how such carcases were disposed of— 1915. v . Animals affected. Carcase and all internal organs destroyed, Part of carcase and all organs destroyed. All or part of organs destroyed. Total. Cattle 20 6 45 71 Pigs 30 250 33 313 Total 50 256 78 384 MAINTENANCE OF LIVE-STOCK ACT AND ORDER, 1915. The provisions of this Order since the date of coming into operation have been administered from the Public Health Department. The Order has on the whole offered no particular difficulty. In one or two instances animals in-calf or in-pig have been slaughtered, but in each case the condition was definitely not obvious. The restriction on the slaughter of calves in the earlier days of the operation of the Order gave rise to some difficulty in relation to branding. This obviously arose through the neglect of the auctioneer at the sales, and after a short time the provisions of the Order became apparently more thoroughly known, and the work has since then proceeded quite smoothly. 56 DAIRIES, COWSHEDS & MILK SHOPS ORDER. There were 30 cowsheds on the register at the end of the year, of which 24 were in occupation, as against 28 on the register and 25 in occupation at the end of 1914. The cowsheds at present on the register provide accommodation for 450 cows, allowing 800 cubic feet per head of air space. The number of cows in the registered sheds at the end of the year was 298. The number of cowkeepers in the Borough is now 19, the same as last year, one having been added to and one removed from the register. One shed has been removed from the register, as the premises have changed hands and cowkeeping has been discontinued. One new shed was registered during the year, providing accommodation for six cows, while extensions added to two sheds on the register provided accommodation for 21 extra cows. The six sheds not at present in use may be utilised at any time, as cowkeeping is understood to be only temporarily discontinued. In one other case the cows are removed to farms in the country during the summer and autumn months, the registered sheds (two in number) being used for cowkeeping during the winter months only. During the year seven dairymen or milk purveyors have been removed from the register on account of the business being discontinued or transferred and 14 dairymen or milk purveyors have been added, leaving on the register at the end of the year 260 persons occupying 308 sets of premises. Nineteen notices were served on dairymen and cowkeepers during the year relating to various matters coming under the provisions of the Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops Order, and the regulations made thereunder by the Local Authority, all of which had been complied with at the end of the year. 57 FOOD AND DRUGS ACTS. Table XI. gives the number of samples taken by the Inspector under the Acts during the year, the results of the analyses and the action taken thereon. PROSECUTIONS, 1915. Date of Purchase. Defendant. Charge. Result. Penalty. Costs. 1915 Jan. 5 J. S. Selling Milk adulterated with 18 per cent, of additional water Convicted £ s d. £ s. d. 5 0 0 6 0 6 „ 5 J. s. Selling Milk adulterated with 17 per cent, of additional water " 5 0 0 1 0 0 6 J. S. Selling Milk adulterated with 15 per cent, of additional water " 5 0 0 1 0 0 „ 6 J. S. Selling Milk adulterated with 15 per cent, of additional water ,, 5 0 0 1 0 0 „ 20 J. S. Selling Milk adulterated with 15 per cent, of additional water " 25 0 0 3 5 3 „ 20 J, S. Selling Milk adulterated with 16 per cent, of additional water " 21 F. S. Selling Milk adulterated with 15 per cent, of additional water ... " 25 0 0 3 5 3 " 21 J. S. Selling Milk adulterated with 13 percent, of additional water Mar. 5 W. J. Selling Milk adulterated with 51 per cent, of additional water and 50 per cent, deficient of fat. " 2 10 0 0 10 6 July 9 A. J. Selling Milk 21 per cent, deficient of fat " 1 0 0 0 10 6 „ 9 G. A. Selling Milk 18 per cent, deficient of fat " 0 10 6 „ 9 E. H. Selling Milk 25 per cent, deficient of fat " 1 0 0 0 15 6 Sept. 15 A. D. Selling Milk adulterated with 2 per cent, of additional water " 1 3 0 „ 15 A. D. Sailing Milk adulterated with 3 per cent, of additional water " 0 10 6 „ 15 W. H. Seliing Milk adulterated with 23 per cent, of additional water and 16 per cent, deficient of fat " 2 0 0 0 18 0 „ 15 W. H. Selling Milk adulterated with 17 per cent, of additional water " 2 0 0 0 10 6 Nov. 15 H. S. Selling Butter adulterated with 56 per cent, of foreign fat " 5 0 0 0 10 6 15 R. T. Selling Butter adulterated with 52 per cent, of foreign fat " — 0 10 6 Total 83 10 0 | 22 1 0 58 During the year 337 samples of milk (324 new and 13 skimmed or separated) were taken. In 77 cases (76 new and 1 skimmed or separated) samples were below the standard suggested by the Board of Agriculture. Proceedings were instituted in respect of 18 of these samples, and fines and costs were imposed on the vendors to the extent of £105 11s. od. The other 59 samples were only slightly below the standard of the Board of Agriculture. In 13 cases the vendors were written to asking for an explanation, and in all cases subsequent samples were taken. Thirteen samples of cream were submitted for analysis during the year, all of which proved to be genuine. One hundred and thirty-four samples of butter were faken during the year, two only proved to be not genuine, on account of their containing 56 per cent, and 52 per cent, of foreign fat. The vendors were prosecuted, and were fined in one case £5 and 10s. 6d. costs, and on the other summons 10s. 6d. costs only, this defendant having purchased the butter from the other one. Ten samples of lard and ten of olive oil were taken, all of which ed to be genuine. The test samples were purchased in small quantities with other articles by women, generally during the busy periods in the evening. MILK AND CREAM REGULATIONS, 1912. The following is a copy of the Report sent to the Local Government Board under the above-mentioned Regulations, viz. : REPORT OF ADMINISTRATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE PUBLIC HEALTH (MILK AND CREAM) REGULATIONS, 1912. Report for the Year ended 31st December, 1915. 1. Milk; and Cream not sold as Preserved Cream. (a) (b) Number of samples examined for the presence of a preservative. Number in which a preservative was reported to be present. MILK 337 Nil. CREAM 13 Three. 0.28 per cent, of Boric acid. 2. 0.34 per cent, of Boric acid. 3. 0.35 per cent, of Boric acid. 59 2. Cream sold as Preserved Cream. (a) Instances in which samples have been submitted for analysis to ascertain if the statements on the label as to preservatives were correct. (i) Correct statements made 6 (ii) Statements incorrect 3 Total 9 (b) Determinations made of milk fat in cream sold as preserved cream. (i) Above 35 per cent. 9 (ii) Below 35 per cent. 0 Total 9 (c) Instances where (apart from analysis) the requirements as to labelling or declaration of preserved cream in Art. v. (1) and the proviso in Art. v. (2) of the Regulations have not been observed. 3 (d) Particulars of each case in which the Regulations have not been complied with, and action taken. No label—Cautioned. 3. Thickening substances. Any evidence of their addition to cream or to preserved cream. Action taken where found. Nil. 4. Other observations, if any. Nil. RAG FLOCK ACT, 1912. Seven inspections of premises occupied by upholsterers and bedding manufacturers were made under the Act during the year. No samples were taken. 60 TABLE VIII. Work done by the Sanitary Inspectors during tht Year ending 27th December 1915. NATURE OF CASES DEALT WITH Deputy Chief Insp. Culver. Insp. Fulker. Insp. Earwicker Insp. Peck. Insp. Richardson Insp. Bull. Insp. Vincent. Insp. Flint. Insp. Hunt. Total House to House Inspection 607 •• •• 672 708 ... 815 527 748 4077 No. of Houses inspected where zymotic diseases have occurred 117 .. .. 98 198 .. 176 90 103 782 No. of Visits of enquiry re infectious disease 30 217 .. 132 155 .. 107 35 35 711 House drains tested with smoke (primary) 106 .. .. 451 383 .. 228 200 250 1618 ,, ,, ,, on application 43 .. .. 14 11 .. 9 6 26 109 Drains found defective 134 .. .. 11 22 .. 16 12 18 213 House drains re-laid 41 .. .. 6 6 .. 10 18 22 103 ,, ,, repaired 9 .. .. 82 81 .. 10 36 54 272 No. of smoke tests during repair 131 .. .. 119 153 .. 50 66 128 647 ,, water ,, 302 .. .. 41 41 .. 38 53 89 574 Damp-proof courses inserted .. .. .. 1 .. .. .. 5 1 7 Yards paved 1 .. .. .. 18 .. 6 .. 2 28 Inspection of Premises where offensive trades are conducted .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Inspections of Factories and Workshops, etc. .. .. .. .. .. 1026 .. .. 173 1199 ,, ,, Greengrocers, Fishmongers & Ice Cream Shops 112 .. .. 241 105 .. 448 80 65 1051 ,, ,, Schools 46 .. .. 51 79 .. 91 15 9 301 ,, ,, Shops 26 .. .. 15 11 .. 6 13 .. 71 ,, ,, Bakehouses .. .. .. .. .. 587 .. .. .. 587 ,, ,, Yards and Stables 176 .. .. 473 413 .. 480 537 692 2771 ,, ,, Common Lodging Houses .. .. .. .. .. 445 .. .. .. 445 ,, ,, ,, night visits . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ,, ,, Houses let in Lodgings .. .. .. .. .. 66 753 .. .. 819 ,, ,, ,, ,, night visits .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ,, ,, Urinals 306 .. .. 485 405 .. 449 90 412 2147 Smoke observations .. .. .. .. .. 39 .. .. .. 39 Re-inspections of work in progress .. 732 1 .. 1379 1404 .. 960 960 1407 6843 Sundry inspections 507 87 .. 520 312 234 357 130 328 2475 Complaints from public investigated 201 .. .. 72 129 .. 172 109 106 889 NUISANCES DISCOVERED. Houses requiring Cleansing & Whitewashing 124 .. .. 66 156 89 93 63 136 727 ,, Overcrowded 4 .. .. 2 6 3 6 26 21 68 Leaky Roofs 36 .. .. 67 91 .. 66 48 138 448 Dampness in Houses 46 .. .. 113 80 .. 83 39 75 436 Drains found stopped 68 .. .. 59 20 19 52 5 65 406 Drains and Sanitary Fittings found defective 246 .. .. 82 236 113 138 107 160 1102 Defective Yard Surfaces 19 .. .. 22 38 5 35 33 30 179 ,, Eaves and Downspouts 72 .. .. 75 84 1 48 33 66 379 ,, Manure Receptacles 2 .. .. .. 3 .. 3 3 .. 11 ,, Urinals .. .. .. 2 .. .. .. 1 .. 3 ,, Ashbins 79 .. .. 111 78 .. 86 38 84 476 Smoke Nuisances 1 .. .. .. .. 5 1 .. .. 7 Animals improperly kept .. .. .. 1 2 .. 1 .. .. 4 Infringements of Bye-laws and Regulations .. .. .. 7 .. 2 8 .. .. 17 Offensive Accumulations 17 .. .. 6 10 2 5 12 11 73 Sundry other Nuisances 4 .. .. 68 174 77 90 25 128 606 Total number of Nuisances 682 .. .. 752 1048 332 621 471 904 4810 Informal Notices served 294 .. .. 398 469 45 345 530 410 2491 ,, ,, complied with 136 .. .. 389 470 33 361 299 419 2307 ,, ,, in abeyance .. .. .. 49 53 .. 43 63 98 316 Referred to Committee 8 .. .. 34 11 .. .. 14 20 87 61 TABLE X.—Food and Drugs Acts. Total Number of Samples taken during the year 1915. Sample of Total Samples. Genuine. Not Genuine. Prosecutions. Convictions. Cautions Milk 324 249 75 16 14 13 ,, Skimmed or separated 13 13 — — — — Cream 13 13 — — — — Butter 134 132 2 2 2 — Lard 10 10 — — — — Olive Oil 10 10 — — — — Totals 504 427 77 18 16 13 TABLE XI.—Food and Drugs Acts. Particulars of Samples taken during the sixteen years 1900 1915 inclusive :— Year. Number of Samples taken. Number Genuine. * Number Adulterated. Percentage of Adulterated. Prosecutions. Total amount of Fines and Costs imposed. 1900 246 230 16 6.5 5 £ 7 5 d. 0 1901 299 274 25 8.3 3 6 6 0 1902 291 261 30 10.4 9 23 1 0 1903 294 268 26 8.8 4 5 16 0 1904 354 317 37 10.5 6 30 15 0 1905 356 320 36 10.0 8 36 13 6 1906 400 351 49 12.3 6 15 12 0 1907 448 413 35 7.8 13 86 8 0 1908 438 384 54 12.0 19 40 12 6 1909 455 424 31 6.8 7 55 19 0 1910 480 431 49 10.2 13 33 3 0 1911 501 436 65 12.9 6 18 8 6 1912 525 473 52 9.9 13 35 10 0 1913 535 497 38 71 4 37 14 4 1914 526 464 62 11.8 14 42 13 6 1915 504 427 77 15.2 18 105 11 0 * The term adulterated includes samples found to be not up to standard. 62 TABLE XII METEOROLOGICAL RECORD—YEAR 1915. Rain Gauge 5-in. in diameter, 1-ft. above ground, 146-ft. above sea level. Temperature taken in the shade of a Stevenson's Screen, 4-ft. from the ground. The Ground Thermometer is suspended in an iron tube, the bulb being 4-ft. below the level of the ground. Months Temperature of Air during the Month. Mean Temperature of Air. Difference from average 50 years at Greenwich. Mean Temperature of Ground at 4-ft. Mean Temperature of the Dew Point. Mean Tensional Difference between Ground and Dew Point at 9 a.m. and 3 p.m. Rainfall. Highest. Lowest. Mean of No. of Days on which Rain fell. Amount collected in Inches. Difference from average 90 years at Greenwich All Highest. All Lowest. January 54° 20° 43°.9 35°.5 39°.7 + 1°.2 42°.9 37°.1 in. .066 16 in. 3.83 in. + 2.04 February 51° 25° 46°.0 34°.9 40°.4 + 0°.9 41°.3 38°.2 .051 21 4.81 + 3.28 March 61° 23° 49°.2 35°.5 42°.3 + 0°.6 42°.0 39°.7 .055 12 .62 - .89 April 75° 30° 57°.3 38°.9 48°.l + 0°.9 43°.6 44°.4 .049 10 1.52 — .08 May 82° 35° 67°.7 45°.3 56°.5 + 3°.4 49°.4 52°.6 .074 8 3.31 + 1.44 June 85° 39" 72°.7 49°.3 61°.0 + l°.6 54°.8 57°.1 .061 7 .53 — 1.50 July 87° 47° 71°.6 53°.4 62°.5 0° .0 57°.5 58°0 .052 15 3.34 + .93 August 79° 44° 72°.3 53°-3 62° 8 + l°-2 58°-1 59° 1 053 11 2.60 + .22 September 80° 35° 70°.3 49°.l 59°.7 + 2°.5 56°.2 59°.4 .085 7 2.40 + .20 October 68° 32° 57°.8 44°.4 51°.1 + 1°.1 52°.9 47°.5 .077 13 2.47 — .26 November 580 22° 46°.5 34°.5 40°.5 — 2°.7 47°.0 38°.0 .100 8 2 .64 + .35 December 56° 28° 48°.4 38°.9 43°.6 + 3°.9 43°.9 42°.1 .041 24 5.34 + 3.40 Means and Totals for the Year. 87° 20° 58°.9 42°.7 50°.7 + 1°.2 49°.1 47°.8 .064 152 33.41 + 9.13 The Rainfall for the Year was 7.31 inches above and the number of days on which rain fell 11 below the average of 50 years at Croydon. GEO. CORDEN, F.R. Met. Soc., Croydon. 63 TUBERCULOSIS WORK. General Survey of Cases dealt with through the Dispensary and work done in connection with them. TABLE T. 2. Table showing origin of Cases seen at the Dispensary for the first time in 1915. Cause of person attending Dispensary. Insured. Uninsured.* Grand Total. Men. Women Child'n Total. Men. Women Chiln'n Total. (1) Referred by local doctors or hospital for diagnosis, treatment or advice 122 77 ... 199 40 70 56 166 365 (2) Ditto ditto by School Medical Officers ... ... ... ... ... ... 104 104 104 (3) Ditto ditto from other, chiefly charitable, sources+ 13 9 ... 22 8 25 64 97 119 (4) Seen as " Contacts" 8 10 ... 18 6 39 177 222 240 143 96 ... 239 54 134 401 589 828 * This includes dependents of insured persons †This includes 5 men from Army and Navy; 3 men and 2 women from other Committees. TABLE T. 3. Table showing the way in which new cases were dealt with in 1915. Insured. Uninsured Grand Total. Men. Women Child'n Total. Men. Women Child'n Total. (1) Diagnosed as tuberculous : (a) Treated through the Dispensary 95 67 ... 162 36 71 148 255 417 (b) Treated elsewhere 6 3 ... 9 11 11 11 33 42 (2) Diagnosis not settledKept under observation 14 7 ... 21 2 7 67 76 97 (3) Diagnosed not tuberculous 28 19 ... 47 5 45 175 225 272 143 96 ... 239 54 134 401 589 828 64 TABLE T. 6. Table showing details of Medical Examinations made by the Medical Officer to the Tuberculosis Dispensary, 1915. Period. 1915. Total Medical Examinations made. New Cases Examined. At the Dispensary. Patients Houses. Insured. NonInsured. Total. Insured. NonInsured. Total. Grand Total. Insured. NonInsured. Total. Jan. 1st to March 31st 429 775 1204 38 54 92 1296 79 185 264 April 1st to June 30th 524 962 I486 20 32 52 1538 66 169 235 July 1st to Sept. 30th 398 915 1313 27 24 51 1364 50 106 156 Oct. 1st to Dec. 31st 451 1144 1595 33 20 53 1648 44 129 173 T otals 1802 3796 5598 118 130 248 5846 239 589 828 Note.—In addition to the medical examinations shown in this table the Medical Officer also visited and examined the tuberculous patients at the Borough Hospital twice weekly throughout the year. [The average number of examinations made per day (including visits) was 19 7, and the average number of new cases seen per day was 2.8]. 65 The proportion of known tuberculosis in the Borough which is dealt with through the Dispensary continues to be satisfactorily high, as is shown by the following estimate :— (1) Total Primary Notifications, 1915 546 (2) Total new cases seen at Dispensary and diagnosed as tuberculous, 1915 459 Practically all the cases in (2) may be reckoned as included in (1). Therefore approximately 84 per cent, of the cases notified in the Borough in 1915 were seen by the Medical Officer to the Tuberculosis Dispensary. In 1915 417 new cases were treated through, as well as being seen, at the Dispensary. An estimate of the number of new cases which it was advisable should receive treatment from the public health authority in 1915 maybe made as follows :— Total primary notifications (1914) 546 Less one-eighth occurring in houses of rental estimated over £35 per annum (cases only seen therefore in consultation) 68 Therefore new cases occurring in 1915 which presumably required treatment through the Dispensary 478 And actual cases treated through Dispensary 417 i.e., 87 per cent Thus allowing for unavoidable errors it may be assumed that during 1915 approximately 87 per cent, of the fresh cases occurring amongst the class where Dispensary treatment was desirable were actually treated through the Dispensary. 66 SANATORIUM AND HOSPITAL TREATMENT: TABLE T. 7. SUMMARY OF CASES TREATED AT SANATORIA, 1915. M. W. c. Tl. (A) Persons m Sanatoria on Jan. 1st, 1915 13 11 16 40 (B) Persons who were admitted to and discharged from Sanatoria during 1915 40 47 20 107 (C) Persons who were admitted to and died at Sanatoria during 1915 1 - - 1 (D) Persons in Sanatoria on December 31st, 1915 14 13 6 33 Note.—One woman appears both in (A) and (B). (i.) The total individuals receiving treatment in Sanatoria during 1915 is therefore [A +B + C + D — 1]. Men 631 Women 70 - 180 Children 42 (ii.) The total individuals sent to Sanatoria in 1915 is [B + C + D]. Men 55 Women, 60 141 Children 26 Remarks. (i.) 62 men and 51 women were "insured persons." (ii.) Certain of these cases received more than one kind or period of institutional treatment in 1915 as follows :— 2 men had previously been treated at the Borough Hospital in I9I5. 1 woman and 5 men were subsequently treated at the Borough Hospital in 1915. 1 woman who was in a Sanatorium on January 1st, 1915 was discharged, re-admitted and discharged during the year. (iii.) 16 of the children were boys and 26 were girls. TABLE T. 8. SUMMARY OF CASES TREATED AT THE BOROUGH HOSPITAL, 1915. m. w c. Tl. (A) Persons at the Borough Hospital on Jan. 1st, 1915 8 6 0 14 (B) Persons who were admitted to and discharged from the Borough Hospital during 1915 23 5 0 28 (C Persons who were admitted to and died at the Borough Hospital during 1915 11 5 0 16 (D) Persons at the Borough Hospital on Dec. 31st, 1915 10 5 i 16 . Note.—One man appears in both (A) and (D). Total individuals receiving treatment at the Borough Hospital in 1915 is [A + B +C + D — 1]: Men 51 72 Women 21 and total individuals admitted to the Borough Hospital in 1915 is B+C+D-1: Men 43 l 58 Women 15 Remarks: (i.) 41 men and 9 women were " insured persons." (ii.) 3 men in Class A died at the Borough Hospital during 1915. (iii.) 5 men and 1 women had previously and 2 men subsequently received treatment in a Sanatorium during 1915. 67 TABLE T. 9. Table showing further progress of persons first treated in and discharged from Sanatoria in 1913. Condition on discharge from Condition on Dec. 31st, 1913 : Condition on Dec. 31stt 1914 : Condition on Dec. 31st, 1915 : San. : M. W. Tl. M. W. Tl. M. W. Tl. M. W. Tl. At work 25 3 28 At work 21 3 24 At work 16 4 20 Fit for work 1 0 1 Fit for work 1 0 1 Fit for work 0 0 0 Relapsed 1 0 1 Relapsed 5 0 5 [4 of whom were admitted to Relapsed 2 0 2 Fit for work 29 4 33 Readmitted to San. 1 0 1 Left Croydon 1 1 2 B.H. in 1914] Left Croydon 4 0 i Left Croydon 1 1 2 Deceased at San 1 0 1 Deceased at San 7 0 7 33 33 . 33 Further improvement 1 0 1 In statu quo 1 0 1 In statu quo 1 0 1 Relapsed 1 0 1 Worse 0 1 1 [Treated at B.H. 1913-14] Worse 0 0 0 Admitted to B. H. 0 1 1 Deceased 1 0 1 Deceased 1 0 1 Improved 2 1 3 - In San 0 1 1 3 3 3 Fit for work, having had treatment at B.H. 0 1 1 At work 0 1 1 [Treated at B.H. 1913] At work 1 1 2 At Boro' Hospital 0 1 1 In statu quo 1 0 1 In statu quo 0 0 0 In statu quo 5 2 7 In statu quo 2 0 2 Worse 1 1 2 [One treated at B.H. 1913-14] Worse 0 0 0 Worse 3 0 3 Deceased 3 0 3 Deceased 4 1 5 7 7 7 In statu quo 2 0 2 Admitted to B. H. and died there 1 0 1 Deceased 5 0 5 Worse 5 0 5 Deceased 2 0 2 - 5 68 TABLE T. 11. Table showing Results of Treatment in Persons discharged from Sanatoria during 1914. Condition on Discharge. Condition on December 31st, 1914. Condition on December 31st, 1915. M. w. c. TL. / M. w. c. TL. M. w. c. TL. At work or school 27 18 19 64 At work or school 24 22 17 63 Ditto after additional treatment at Borough Hospital 2 - - 2 Ditto after additional treatment at Borough Hospital - - - - (i.) Fit for work or School 32 23 19 74 Fit for work 2 5 - 7 Fit for work — — — — Deceased 1 — — 1 Deceased *2 — — 2 Relapsed 1 1 — 2 Condition unknown 5 — 2 7 \ 74 74 At work 1 2 - 3 At work 1 5 1 7 Further improvement — 5 2 7 Further improvement — 2 — 2 Ditto after re-admission to Sanatorium and treatment at Borough Hospital - 1 - 1 Ditto after re-admission to Sanatorium and treatment at Borough Hospital - - - - In satu quo — 3 1 4 In statu quo — 2 - 2 Re-admitted to San. — 1 — 1 Re admitted to San. — — — — (ii.) Improved 5 13 3 21 Admitted to Borough Hospital 1 - — 1 Admitted to Borough Hospital - - - - Relapsed 2 1 — 3 Relapsed - 2 - 2 Deceased, after treatment at Borough Hospital 1 - - 1 Deceased, after treatment at Borough Hospital 1 - - 1 Deceased 1 — 1 2 Condition unknown 2 2 1 5 \ 21 21 69 TABLE T. ii (continued).  m. w. c. tl. m. w. c. tl. m. w. c. tl. Much improved 1 — — 1 In statu quo 1 — - 1 (iii.) In statu quo 1 1 — 2 Deceased — 1 — 1 Deceased — 1 — 1 2 2 Much improved 1 - - 1 Much improved 1 - - 1 In statu quo — 1 — 1 In statu quo — — — — Deceased — — 1 1 Deceased - 2 1 3 (iv.) Worse 1 2 1 4 Left Croydon — 1 — 1 Left Croydon — — — — 4 4 Note.—This table does not include 5 persons (men) who had less than one month's treatment. Two of these died shortly after admission; one died shortly after he had discharged himself from the Sanatorium. One man was in poor health on December 31st, 1914, and one was fit for work. On December 31st, 1915, the condition of one was unknown, and the other was at work. *One of these patients died through an accident. 70 TABLE T. 12. Table showing Results of Treatment of Persons discharged from Borough Hospital during 1914. Condition on Discharge. Condition on December 31st, 1914. Condition on December 31st, 1915. m. w. 1l. m. W. 1L. m. w tl. At work 14 2 16 At work ... 10 2 12 Do. after relapse and treatment at Sanatorium 1 0 1 Do. after relapse and treatment at Sanatorium Fit for work 1 0 1 Fit for work 1 — 1 Fit for work 19 3 22 Relapsed 2 1 3 Relapsed *2 — 2 Deceased 1 0 1 Deceased 4 - 4 In statu quo 1 - 1 At Waddon 1 - 1 At Sanatorium — 1 1 22 22 At work 0 1 1 At work 2 - 2 In statu quo 2 1 3 In statu quo 1 1 2 Relapsed 9 2 11 Relapsed - - - Left Croydon 1 0 1 Left Croydon 2 - 2 Improved 20 4 24 Deceased 6 0 6 Deceased 15 3 18 Admitted to San 2 0 2 Admitted to San. — — — 24 24 In statu quo 0 1 1 In statu quo In statu quo 1 1 2 Deceased 1 0 1 Deceased 1 1 2 2 2 Note.—In addition 2 men were admitted during 1914, but discharged *One after Sanatorium treatment 1915. themselves after only 2 weeks' treatment. One was in good health and has kept at work since; the other was acutely ill and died shortly after. 71 TABLE T. 14. Table showing Results of Dispensary Treatment alone, 1914. Condition when first seen. Condition on December 31st, 1914. Condition on December 31st, 1915. M. w. c. TL. M. w. c. Tl. M. w. C. TL. A t work 10 7 — 17 At work or school 6 9 7 22 In statu quo — 3 7 10 In statu quo — — — — Good 11 11 8 30 Relapsed — — 1 1 Relapsed 1 — — 1 Left Croydon 1 1 — 2 Condition unknown 3 2 — 5 Fit after Waddon 1 — — 1 Deceased — — 1 1 30 30 At work 5 4 - 9 At work 2 13 - 15 Good — — 29 29 Good — — 56 56 Improved 4 11 40 55 Improved — 1 — 1 In statu quo 4 10 2 16 In statu quo 6 5 7 18 Left Croydon 1 — — 1 Left Croydon 3 1 5 9 Fair 17 25 71 113 Deceased 3 — — 3 Deceased — — — — At work after Waddon 1 — — 1 In statu quo 1 — — 1 Worse — 3 2 5 Condition unknown — — — — 113 113 72 TABLE T. 14 {continued).  M. W. C. TL. M. W. C. TL. M. W. C. TL. At work 2 — — 2 At work 3 — — 3 Good — — 3 3 Good — — 5 5 Improved 3 — 6 9 Improved 1 — — 1 In statu quo — 4 — 1 Improved at Waddon 1 — 2 3 Worse — 2 — 2 Worse — 1 — 1 Poor 6 7 9 22 Deceased 1 1 — 2 Deceased 1 3 — 4 Improved at San. — 1 — 1 In statu quo at Waddon — 1 — 1 Condition unknown — 1 2 3 22 22 Improved 1 - - 1 Improved - 1 - 1 In statu quo 1 2 — 3 In statu quo 1 - — 1 Acute 10 4 0 14 Deceased 8 2 — 10 Deceased 9 2 — 11 Worse - 1 — 1 . 14 14 Total Cases Men 44 In statu quo in 1915 column means as regards progress in that year as compared with 1914. Women 47 179 Children 88 Of these, 30 men and 12 women were " insured persons." 73 WORK OF THE BOROUGH HOSPITAL. The total nominal accommodation at the Borough Hospital is 170 beds. The following table shows the highest and lowest number of beds occupied on any one night during each month of the year 1915. TABLE H. 1. Month. Beds Occupied. Month. Beds Occupied. Highest. Lowest. Highest. Lowest. January 157 136 July 90 72 February 152 140 August 88 74 March 151 133 September 109 92 April 135 115 October 97 81 May 119 101 November 98 85 June 116 95 December 103 94 During 1915 the average daily number of cases under treatment amounted to 105.8 as compared with 128.05 in the previous year. The following table gives the total number admitted from the Borough and other Districts during the year 1915. TABLE H. 11. Districts. Remaining at end of 1914. Admitted during 1916. Discharged during 1915. Died during 1916. Remaining at end of 1915. Crystal Palace (Royal Naval Division) 2 43 24 18 3 Penge Urban D.C., nonpauper cases 4 41 41 1 3 The Borough of Croydon 139 694 692 55 86 Total 145 778 757 74 92 Total number admitted was 778, as compared with 947 in 1914. 74 The following table shows the comparative admissions during 1915 and previous years. TABLE H. III. Cases admitted during 1908. Cases admitted during 1909. Cases admitted during 1910. Cases admitted during 1911. Cases admitted during 1912. Cases admitted during 1913. Cases admitted during 1914. Cases admitted during 1915. Scarlet Fever 497 608 624 381 365 417 653 413 (1) Diphtheria 354 292 222 430 600 402 211 200 (2) Cerebro Sp. Meningitis — — — - - — — 67 (3) Pulmonary Phthis's — — — - - 48 56 61 (4) Enteric Fever 59 11 15 18 16 28 15 13 (5) Puerperal Fever - - - - - 1 2 4 (6) Measles — — — — — — 9(7) Other diseases 31 45 47 29 25 6 10 11 (8) Total 941 956 908 858 1006 902 947 778 (1) Includes 3 cases of Tonsillitis. ,, 8 cases of Contacts. ,, 4 cases of no disease observed. ,, 1 case of Influenza. ,, 1 case of Erysipelas. ,, 1 case of Erythema. ,, 1 case of Measles. " 1 case of Quinsy. ,, 1 case of German Measles. ,, 1 case of Psoriasis. (2) ,, 8 cases of Tonsillitis. ,, 1 case of Marasmus and Septic Sores. ,, 1 case of Broncho-Pneumonia. ,, 1 case of no disease observed. ,, 1 case of Measles. (3) , 3 cases of Tubercular Meningitis. ,, 2 cases of Anterior Poliomyelitis. ,, 1 case of Enteric Fever. ,, 1 case of Sub-Acute Rheumatism. ,, 1 case of Cerebral Abscess. ,, 1 case of Measles. ,, 1 case of Influenza. ,, 1 case of Pneumonia. ,, 1 case of Acute Malaria. ,, 1 case of Post-Diphtheritic Paralysis. ,, 1 case of Transverse Myelitis. (5) ,, 3 cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis. ,, 1 case of Cerebro Spinal Meningitis. 75 The following table gives the number of patients admitted for each disease and the number discharged or died for the year 1915 :— TABLE H. IV. Disease. Remaining at end of 1914 Admitted during 1915. Discharged during 1915. Died during 1915. Remaining at end of 1915. Scarlet Fever 98 391 433 4 52 Admitted to Hospital as Scarlet but found not to be Scarlet — 22 22 — — Diphtheria 30 188 191 8 19 Admitted as Diphtheria but found not to be Diphtheria — 12 10 2 — Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis — 53 23 27 3 Admitted as Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis but found not to be — 14 10 4* — Enteric Fever - 9 6 3 — Admitted as Enteric but found not to be — 4 — — Pulmonary Tuberculosis 14 61 37 22 1 Puerperal Fever 1 4 2 3 — Measles — 9 8 1 — Other Diseases 2 11 11 — 2 Total 145 778 757 74 92 *2 Tubercular Meningitis, 1 Enteric Fever I Abscess. TABLE H v. The following table gives the fatality for each disease :— 1911. 1912. 1913- 1914. 1915. Scarlet Fever 0.7 1.1 .8 .7 .9 Diphtheria 8.3 36 3.02 6.4 4.02 Enteric Fever 11.1 25.0 19.2 20. 33.3 Cerebro Spinal Fever - — - — 54.0 Pulmonary Tuberculosis — — 12.5 12.6 37.2 Puerperal Fever — — - — 60.0 Measles — — - — 11.1 Other Diseases 68 12 .0 6.2 2.3 0.0 All Cases 5.0 3.2 2.9 3.1 .89 76 Under other diseases are included :— Result. Erysipelas 2 Discharged German Measles 4 „ Mumps 1 „ Quinsy 1 „ Bursitis 1 „ Cellulitis 1 „ Ophthalmia Neonatorum 1 „ Notified as Diphtheria hut found not to be Diphtheria— Result. Tonsillitis 8 Discharged. Marasmus and Septic Sores 1 Died. Broncho-Pneumonia 1 Died. No disease observed 1 Discharged. Measles 1 Discharged. Notified as Enteric but found not to be Enteric— Result, Pulmonary Tuberculosis 3 Discharged. Cerebro Spinal Meningitis 1 „ Notified as Cerebro Spinal Meningitis but found not to be Cerebro Spinal Meningitis— Result. Tubercular Meningitis 3 2 Died. 1 Discharged. Anterior Poliomyelitis 2 Discharged. Enteric 1 Died. Sub Acute Rheumatism 1 Discharged. Cerebral Abscess 1 Died. Measles 1 Discharged. Influenza 1 „ Pneumonia 1 „ Acute Malaria 1 „ Part Diphtheritic Paralysis 1 „ Transverse Myelitis 1 „ Other Admissions— Erysipelas 2 Discharged. German Measles 4 „ Mumps 1 „ Quinsy 1 „ Bursitis 1 „ Cellulitis 1 „ Ophthalmia 1 „ TABLE H vi. Illnesses amongst the Staff— Scarlet Fever 4 cases. Tonsillitis 1 case. Cellulitis 1 case. Bursitis 1 case. 77 REPORT ON SCHOOL MEDICAL WORK. This is the twelfth annual report of such work in Croydon and the eighth furnished in accordance with the requirements of the Board of Education. The report on this occasion is considerably curtailed, both on the score of economy, and on account of the great reduction of the staff of the department making an exhaustive report impossible. THE STAFF AND GENERAL ORGANISATION OF THE WORK. As in previous years, the school medical work has formed part of the general public health work of the Borough. A considerable number of changes—permanent and temporary— occurred inthe medical staff. Dr. Kennedy went on military service early in the year. His place was filled at first by two local men— Drs. E. Hulse Willock and J. Howard- who did part-time work for some months. In June Dr. Olive B. Falk was appointed to this vacancy for the war period. The part-time officers ceased their duties at the end of October. In July Dr. J. Johnstone Jervis left for another appointment, and in September Dr. H. Gordon Smith commenced his work on the staff. Owing to the difficulty of getting residential medical staff for the Borough Hospital, the work of the medical members of the department had continually to be readjusted, but the amount of school medical work done has been well maintained. The specialist work—ophthalmic, tuberculosis, X-ray, and dental —has been carried on as before. Individual paragraphs deal with the Treatment Centre, the Spinal Remedial Class, Mental Deficiency, the work of the Health Visitors, etc. During the year the clerical staff gradually lessened until only one of the original staff—a boy under military age—remained. The geneial report is confined to a tabular summary of the work done, excepting where explanatory paragraphs are essential. 78 SCHOOLS. Number of Schools and Accommodation. In 1915 there were in Croydon : 20 provided schools, including 54 departments, with accommodation for 21,100 children—this is the same as in 1914. 15 non-provided schools, including 26 departments, with accommodation for 5,543 children—in 1914 there were 14 such schools, with 34 departments, with accommodation for 5,538 children. The total provision in 1915 in the borough for elementary school children amounted to 35 schools, with 80 departments, and accommodation for 26,643 children, as compared with 34 schools, 88 departments and 26,629 children in 1914. The number of children on the register on December 31st, 1915, was 25,043, as compared with 25,613 in 1914. School Buildings and Accommodation. War Hospitals. Five schools were taken over by the Military Authorities for this purpose. The school children thus displaced have been accommodated either in other schools for half-day work or in other buildings. The medical inspections have been carried out normally in every case. Sanitary ]Vork done in School Buildings in iQlj. Oval Road Council Schools The trough closets on the boys' side of the school were abolished, and a block of six separate pedestal water-closets installed in their stead. Shirley Schools (non-provided). Four new lavatory basins were fixed and lead trapped waste-pipes fitted. The sanitary arrangements of all the schools have been. regularly inspected during the year. They have been generally well kept and in a clean condition. 79 TABLE E. I. TOTAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN EXAMINED (ROUTINE EXAMINATIONS) DURING 1915. Age Number of Boys. Number of Girls. Total. 3.4 9 13 22 45 10 107 209 5 6 1042 1011 2053 6.7 277 311 588 7.8 90 91 181 8.9 663 669 1332 9.10 108 65 173 10.11 17 9 26 11.12 21 61 82 12.13 1044 938 1982 13.14 241 200 441 14.15 174 133 307 Total all ages 3788 + 3608 = 7396 80 TABLE E. ii. Showing total number of children inspected—routine inspections— during 1915, classified according to the schools attended, also number of parents and guardians attending medical inspections and the number of inspections held in each department throughout the year:— School No. of Inspections held. No. of Children Inspected. No. of Parents or Guardians present. Council Schools:— BOYS- GIRLS. Beulah Road Eoys 7 106 - 66 „ Girls 11 — l8o 126 Boston Road Boys 11 185 - 82 „ Girls 11 - l82 91 Brighton Road Boys 7 104 „ 60 „ Girls 7 — 1l8 75 Davidson Road Boys 8 110 „ 63 „ Girls 9 — 134 80 Bering Place Boys 7 99 - 67 „ Girls 7 — 99 63 Ecclesbourne Road Boys 12 182 — 85 „ Girls 8 — 109 56 Ingram Road Boys 11 139 — 93 „ Girls 12 — 128 95 Mitcham Road Boys 14 175 — 79 „ Girls 14 - 214 111 Oval Road Boys 10 93 — 115 „ Girls 8 — 105 63 Portland Road Boys 14 294 - 208 Girls 17 — 266 210 Princess Road Boys 11 170 — 63 „ Girls 10 — 171 69 South Norwood Boys 8 149 - 84 „ Girls 8 — 126 77 Stanford Road Boys 4 64 — 29 „ Girls 4 — 62 34 Sydenham Road Boys 10 200 — 74 „ Girls 10 — 135 87 Tamworth Road Boys 1 34 — 12 Tavistock Grove Boys 12 110 — 54 „ Girls 12 — 150 69 Upper Norwood Boys 8 99 — 37 „ Girls 6 — 89 43 Whitehorse Road Boys 12 291 — 81 „ Girls 12 — 144 76 Winterbourne Road Boys 10 220 — 148 „ Girls 9 — 165 108 Woodside Boys 13 211 - 99 „ Girls 11 — 190 128 Totals 376 3135 2767 3260 81 Council (Non-Provided) Schools :— All Saints' Boys 5 44 — 23 „ Girls 5 — 66 46 Christ Church Boys 6 75 — 65 „ Girls 4 — 72 48 Wildbore's Boys 2 15 — 8 „ Girls 2 - 22 7 Holy Trinity Boys 3 26 - 23 „ Girls 4 — 70 61 Parish Church Boys 6 83 — 52 „ Girls 8 — 179 92 St. Andrew's Boys 3 39 — 20 „ Girls 6 — 77 40 Old Town Boys 2 14 — 8 „ Girls 2 — 28 12 St. Joseph's Boys 3 33 — 17 „ Girls 3 — 32 24 St. Mark's Boys 2 21 — 17 „ Girls 2 — 33 18 St. Mary's Boys 5 67 — 22 „ Girls 5 — 45 20 St. Michael's Boys 3 23 — 19 „ Girls 3 - 47 36 St. Saviour's Boys 6 97 — 42 „ Girls 4 — 64 52 Archbishop Tenison's and St. Peter's Boys 4 90 - 54 „ Girls 5 — 84 53 Shirley Boys 2 26 — 9 „ Girls 2 — 22 7 Totals (for Non-Provided) 107 653 841 895 Totals (for Provided) 376 3135 2767 3260 Totals (for Provided and NonProvided) 483 3788 3608 4155 7396 In addition to these 7,396 children examined as Routine cases, 1,902 children were re-examined, and 274 children were specially examined. This does not include the special examinations done at the Treatment Centre. 82 ATTENDANCE OF PARENTS OR GUARDIANS. The latter were present to the number of 4,155 for 7,396 children examined, i.e. 56.1 percent., compared with 59.2 per cent, for the year 1914. DIRECTIONS TO PARENTS. In 4,289 instances written and verbal directions were sent to parents, while in 4,297 instances printed directions were given. 83 TABLE E in. Shewing at each age the number of boys and girls inspected at each school ; also the number of boys and girls re-inspected and specially inspected at each school. Council Schools. Ages:— ROUTINE INSPECTIONS. ReInspected. Specially Inspected. Total. 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Beulah Road Boys ... 5 28 12 6 4 1 ... ... 47 3 ... 9 1 110 „ Girls ... 4 30 15 8 51 4 1 ... 61 6 ... 40 ... 220 Boston Road Boys ... ... 46 14 2 42 7 2 1 64 7 ... 50 2 237 „ Girls ... ... 45 9 4 67 1 ... 1 49 6 ... 57 25 264 Brighton Road Boys ... 8 27 7 1 27 ... ... ... 28 6 ... 38 ... 142 „ Girls ... 8 24 7 3 25 4 ... ... 45 2 ... 21 ... 139 Davidson Road Boys ... ... 44 7 1 ... ... 1 ... 49 8 ... 12 4 126 „ Girls ... 12 39 8 4 15 ... ... ... 52 4 ... 36 8 178 Dering Place Boys ... ... 21 10 4 26 3 ... ... 29 6 ... 32 ... 131 „ Girls ... ... 26 10 1 23 ... ... ... 27 12 ... 10 1 110 F.cclesbourne Road Boys ... ... 31 12 5 42 5 ... ... 60 17 4 70 1 253 „ Girls ... ... 44 20 ... ... 4 ... ... 37 2 2 44 ... 153 Ingram Road Boys ... 19 46 6 4 7 1 ... 1 48 7 ... 62 2 203 „ Girls ... 12 43 10 1 7 1 ... 1 44 9 ... 59 14 201 Mitcham Road Boys ... 23 36 16 4 ... 45 ... ... 47 4 ... 75 ... 250 „ Girls ... 17 48 13 10 59 4 ... ... 61 2 ... 73 7 294 Oval Road Boys ... ... 47 8 3 56 ... 1 ... 73 5 ... 36 8 237 „ Girls ... ... 33 7 2 23 1 ... ... 24 13 2 40 6 151 Portland Road Boys .... ... 91 15 9 92 2 1 2 79 3 ... 41 ... 335 „ Girls ... ... 87 15 8 95 6 ... 2 49 4 ... 73 4 343 Princess Road Boys 1 15 43 11 1 37 ... ... ... 33 29 ... 45 3 218 „ Girls 1 18 44 4 4 23 ... ... 1 39 37 ... 40 5 216 South Norwood Boys ... 7 47 9 5 29 2 2 2 41 2 ... 35 1 185 „ Girls ... 1 35 10 1 3 ... ... 9 59 7 I 48 ... 174 Stanford Road Boys ... ... 19 5 ... ... ... ... ... 25 5 10 4 ... 68 „ Girls ... ... 20 4 ... ... ... ... 1 22 4 11 1 ... 63 Sydenham Road Boys ... ... 57 18 4 25 1 ... 7 57 31 ... 4 1 205 „ Girls ... 5 37 13 3 22 ... 1 15 39 7 3 24 5 164 Tarn worth Road Boys ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... 18 6 9 ... ... 34 Tavistock Grove Boys ... 1 31 8 5 29 2 ... ... 29 5 ... 66 1 177 „ Girls ... 4 46 11 ... 38 2 ... 1 43 5 ... 45 6 20 1 Upper Norwood Boys ... 10 13 ... 1 17 9 ... ... 17 9 23 3 ... 102 „ Girls ... 10 20 1 ... 12 8 ... 3 12 6 17 ... ... 89 Whitehorse Road Boys ... 1 54 10 1 47 ... 1 ... 85 49 45 1 ... 292 „ Girls ... 1 53 18 4 ... ... ... ... 40 6 22 1 ... 145 Wintcrbourne Road Boys ... ... 54 10 3 68 ... ... ... 63 4 18 1 .. 221 „ Girls ... ... 41 14 5 2 ... ... 25 28 14 36 10 ... 175 Woodside Boys 8 ... 55 15 4 6 2 ... ... 48 11 62 ... ... 211 „ Girls 8 ... 51 11 5 45 3 ... ... 20 9 38 6 2 198 Totals (Provided Schools) 18 181 1556 393 126 1064 119 10 62 1698 372 303 1212 107 722 84 TABLE E ill. continued. Council (Non-Provided) Schools. ROUTINE INSPECTIONS. ReInspected. Specially Inspected. Total. Ages :— 3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 89 9-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 All Saints' Boys ... 1 21 4 1 3 ... 4 ... 10 ... ... 21 ... 65 ,, Girls ... 1 16 4 1 22 ... ... 1 20 1 ... 19 2 87 Christ Church |Boys ... ... 30 9 6 12 2 ... ... 16 ... ... 4 1 80 ,, Girls ... ... 33 10 4 17 ... ... ... 7 1 ... 6 ... 78 ,, (Wildbore's) Boys ... ... 11 3 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4 ... 19 „ „ Girls ... ... 13 8 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 1 35 Holy Trinity Boys ... ... 20 5 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 ... 32 ,, Girls ... ... 21 10 ... 2 ... ... ... 35 1 1 8 ... 78 Parish Church Boys ... ... 38 22 5 1 ... ... ... 17 ... ... 16 4 103 „ Girls 4 ... 36 28 6 62 ... ... ... 29 6 ... 50 ... 229 St. Andrew's Boys ... 5 20 7 ... ... ... ... ... 7 ... ... 26 2 67 ,, Girls ... 14 15 4 2 8 ... 1 2 26 ... ... 34 1 112 „ (Old Town) Boys ... ... 7 5 ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... 17 ... 31 „ „ Girls ... ... 13 8 ... 1 2 1 ... ... ... ... 6 1 35 St. Joseph's Boys ... ... 11 2 3 6 2 ... 3 5 1 ... 6 2 41 ,, Girls ... ... 8 1 2 6 2 ... 8 4 1 ... 8 ... 40 St. Mark's Boys ... 1 17 2 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 ... 24 „ Girls ... ... 14 5 2 ... ... ... ... 11 1 ... 4 ... 37 St. Mary's Boys ... ... 18 7 4 12 4 3 4 14 1 ... 21 ... 88 ,, Girls ... ... 13 9 1 ... 3 3 ... 15 1 ... 18 ... 63 St. Michael's Boys ... ... 11 1 ... 11 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 ... 28 „ Girls ... ... 16 ... 2 14 1 ... ... 8 6 ... 18 1 66 St. Saviour's Boys ... ... 24 6 3 28 19 ... ... 7 8 2 16 ... 113 „ Girls ... ... 26 13 ... ... ... ... ... 10 14 ... 14 3 81 Archbishop Tenison's Boys ... ... 20 8 1 29 ... ... ... 19 12 1 31 ... 121 „ Girls ... ... 17 4 4 23 5 ... ... 19 12 ... 3 7 94 Shirley Boys ... 6 4 3 1 6 ... 1 ... 2 2 ... 6 ... 32 „ Girls ... ... 4 2 ... 4 6 2 ... 3 1 ... 3 ... 25 Totals (Non-Provided Schools) 4 28 497 15 55 268 54 16 20 284 69 4 385 25 1904 Grand Totals 22 209 2053 588 181 1332 173 26 82 1982 441 307 1597* 132 † 9125 * Re-inspections not included above 30 †pecial Inspections not included above 142 Final Total of Inspections 9572 85 GENERAL RESULTS OP INSPECTION. HEIGHTS AND WEIGHTS. The following table gives the averages of the children examined at three age periods in ten of the schools in Croydon :— Age. Average Height in Inches. Average Weight in Pounds. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 5 40.15 40.55 39.7 39.7 8 46.75 45.65 52.9 53.0 13 54.00 35.00 77.2 75.o WANT OF CLEANLINESS. Of 7,396 children examined, 30 had vermin in their heads, ,, ,, 854 „ nits ,, „ „ ,, 152 „ dirty heads apart from vermin Proportion of children with head vermin = 40 per cent. ,, „ „ nits „ 11'5 „ Of 7,396 children, 12 had vermin of the body, = '16 per cent., and 278 had dirty bodies. CLEANSING STATION. During the year 27 children have been cleansed on account of verminous conditions of scalp or body or both. CLOTHING. Children with insufficient clothing = 135 = i-8 per cent. „ dirty „ „ 176 „ 2 3 „ ,, defective footgear „ 198 „ 2-6 ,, MALNUTRITION. 346 cases occurred = 4"6 per cent. Per centage for 1914 = 3 per cent. The improvement upon the 10 % of 1913 is therefore well maintained. EYE DISEASES. External eye diseases were present in 168 cases 1,076 children had sub-normal vision. Reference to the ophthalmic specialist of eye cases his been systematically made when necessary, as in previous years. 86 TONSILS AND ADENOIDS. Tonsils were markedly enlarged in 332 cases, and slightly in 755. 456 children were found to have adenoids. Some difficulty has been experienced in getting operative treatment for cases of tonsils and adenoids, owing to the staffing difficulties at the General Hospital. For the same reason it is not this year possible to say how many such school children have been operated upon at Croydon General Hospital. I am indebted to the honorary staff for largely filling the breach due to the lack of resident officers. GLANDS. Glands were markedly enlarged in 1,080 cases and slightly in 160. All marked tubercular cases have as heretofore been referred to the Tuberculosis Dispensary for supervision and treatment. EAR DISEASE. This was noted in 11 2 cases, and 265 children suffered from deafness. Many of these cases were sent to the Treatment Centre. DEFORMITIES. Curvature of the spine was found in 104 cases. Other deformities amounted to 99. AFFECTIONS OF THE HEART. Affections of the heart were found in 339 children. General advice was gi\'en, and where necessary also the leaflet 011 Rheumatic Fever. LUNG DISEASES. Affections of the lung were found in 335 cases, Of these : — 155 children had bronchial catarrh, 163 , ,, other conditions of the lung, 17 ,, „ pulmonary tuberculosis. The cases of phthisis were referred to the Tuberculosis Dispensary. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES. Communicable diseases included 2 cases of impetigo, 1 case of tonsilitis, 1 „ ringworm, 1 ,, chicken-pox, and 15 cases not defined. MENTAL CONDITIONS. 42 children were classified as mentally sub-r.ormal, and 10 as mentally defective. Table £ iv. Age. Number Examined- Parents or Guardians Present. Total Number in whom Defects found. Want of Cleanliness. Clothing. Defective Footgear. Vision. External 1 Eye Disease. Malnutrition. Teeth. Tonsils. Glands. Adenoids present. Ear Trouble. Mentally Defective. Mentally Subnormal. Heart Affections. Lung 'Trouble. Deformity and Spinal Dis. Communicable Disease. Sundry Defects If lemployed "Written and Verbal directions to Parents. Printed directions Heads. Body. Clothing. 6/9 6/12 and worse- One to Four Decayed. More than Four Decayed Ear Disease. Deafness. Phthisis. Bronchitis Other Lung Disease. Spinal Curvature. Other Deformities. Ver. ! Nits only. Dirty. Ver. Dirty. Defective. Dirty. + + + Palpable| + General Hygienic Advice- Medical or Surgical Treatment. ROYS' SCHOOLS. 3.4 9 8 5 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 1 1 3 ... ... 5 2 ... .. .. ... 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 2 7 ... 4-5 102 72 75 1 8 6 ... 10 16 8 ... ... ... 4 5 39 32 12 7 1 25 19 5 6 ... ... 3 ... 3 3 ... 1 ... 3 ... 25 38 61 5-6 1042 774 761 1 42 33 2 41 16 28 25 1 1 27 68 373 301 120 39 31 218 87 13 19 4 3 61 1 45 34 3 11 3 87 ... 240 358 635 6-7 277 171 233 2 4 12 1 14 6 12 12 .. ... 12 34 113 95 41 13 10 63 21 5 8 1 2 16 1 11 10 ... 2 2 26 ... 75 107 163 7-8 90 37 75 ... 3 1 ... 3 1 1 1 4 4 3 9 41 28 12 11 2 20 12 2 3 ... 3 5 3 2 5 1 2 2 9 .. 23 39 61 8-9 663 362 561 1 28 8 2 11 14 4 22 60 61 10 20 375 146 49 21 7 69 35 14 26 .. ... 34 2 10 15 4 12 ... 49 ... 179 180 361 9-10 108 36 91 1 3 4 ... 4 3 2 5 15 14 2 8 62 22 7 3 5 16 8 1 5 ... ... 3 ... ... ... ... 1 ... 4 ... 13 19 49 10.11 17 9 16 ... 2 1 ... 1 1 2 2 2 3 ... 2 7 3 3 ... ... 4 1 ... 1 ... ... 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 ... 6 10 9 11-12 21 7 21 ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 2 4 5 ... ... 13 4 4 2 ... 4 2 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 7 11 13 12-13 1044 387 855 2 22 12 I 33 42 17 46 158 155 20 26 588 91 72 42 12 121 44 11 55 1 3 43 1 11 17 19 9 3 52 46 357 283 13-14 241 59 192 1 14 5 ... 11 8 9 11 43 38 5 12 124 29 22 13 10 24 11 2 11 ... 1 5 2 4 5 3 7 ... 19 16 53 66 127 M-I5 174 10 29 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 ... ... 17 9 ... 4 ... 2 .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... ... 16 ... 10 ... 22 Total 3788 1932 2914 9 127 82 6 128 93 83 127 284 286 83 184 1753 761 345 155 78 571 242 53 135 6 12 175 10 87 90 30 45 10 272 62 990 1118 2195 3-4 13 8 11 ... 3 1 ... 1 ... 1 1 ... .. ... 4 8 1 ... ... GIRLS' SCHOOLS. ... ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 2 5 4-5 107 71 78 1 20 3 ... 6 ... 3 4 ... ... 2 3 43 32 11 49 13 7 1 ... 1 3 ... 1 1 ... ... ... 6 ... 19 28 56 5-6 1011 773 801 6 185 25 ... 26 5 16 23 ... ... 20 49 446 353 164 49 28 208 84 19 26 ... 7 51 40 23 3 8 2 49 ... 205 389 523 6-7 3" 215 275 3 67 7 3 13 6 7 7 ... ... 10 24 129 5° 17 10 50 35 3 9 ... 3 14 7 2 4 1 31 ... 86 118 197 7-8 91 55 81 1 21 6 11 ... 9 3 2 3 2 9 42 36 11 7 5 15 11 2 5 ... 4 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 9 ... 31 31 40 8-9 669 393 583 4 134 5 1 24 14 15 14 77 66 .20 40 337 140 73 28 14 98 34 24 24 ... 6 25 1 9 15 11 10 3 69 ... 213 204 347 9-10 65 25 52 17 1 ... 9 ... 9 1 11 5 3 8 34 18 4 4 2 12 3 3 ... J 2 4 2 ... 5 ... 19 35 28 10-11 9 6 IO 3 ... ... 1 ... 1 ... 2 1 ... 1 2 2 8 1 ... 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 9 2 6 11-12 61 40 49 1 10 ... ... 2 ... ... 1 13 12 3 3 36 3 76 3 1 9 3 3 ... 1 2 2 1 ... 3 ... 24 51 12-13 938 506 814 5 211 18 2 46 14 27 13 142 120 21 21 485 118 76 41 18 82 32 8 36 ... 7 42 2 5 11 37 19 3 63 1 272 284 662 13-14 200 116 186 51 4 ... 11 3 5 3 27 20 4 1 139 17 11 14 1 19 3 22 2 13 1 4 4 8 5 ... 15 2 87 63 168 I4-I5 133 15 22 5 ... ... ... ... ... 1 ... 4 ... ... 11 1 1 7 3 1 1 ... 1 4 ... ... ... 2 3 ... 5 ... 16 6 19 Total 3608 2223 2962 21 727 70 6 150 42 93 7i 274 232 85 162 1712 855 410 177 82 509 214 59 130 4 30 164 7 76 65 74 54 10 256 3 995 1186 2102 TOTALS FOR BOYS AND GIRLS. 7396 4155 5876 30 854 12 278 135 176 198 558 286 168 346 3465 1616 755 332 160 1080 456 112 265 10 42 339 17 163 155 104 99 20 528 65 1985 2304 4297 88 JUVENILE EMPLOYMENT. Enquiries as to employment were made as in former years and where necessary, cases have been reported to the officer responsible for action under the Children's Act, 1903. The conditions arising out of the War do not appear to have influenced the employment of children in Croydon to any appreciable extent. MENTAL DEFICIENCY. At the end of 1915 there were 144 cases of mental deficiency known in the borough. Of these 75 cases were under the age of 16 years and within the purview of the Education Committee. These cases consisted of 44 males and 31 females—one of each sex having died during the year, the nett numbers are 43 males and 30 females. GRANGEWOOD SPECIAL CLASS. The following summary shows the number of children taught at this class during the year:— Number of children on Register on 31st December, 1914 16 Number of children admitted to class during 1915 3 Number of children discharged from class and re-admitted to Council Schools, 1915 3 Number of children discharged from the class because of unsuitability or other reason 1 Number of children on Register of December 31st, 1915 15 THE WORK OF THE OPHTHALMIC SURGEON. The reference of cases of defective vision has been made to the Ophthalmic Surgeon as heretofore. Mr. Wray has also made special visits to schools to examine for himself particular cases of optical defect in children. The number of refractions done in 1915 was 578; in 1914 the number was 490. The total number of children examined for eye trouble in 191 5 was 863, as contrasted with 749 in 1914. The following is a summary of the cases seen in the eye clinic at the Town Hall :— Total No. of children examined 863 „ ,, „ attendances 1714 89 TABLE E. viii. Children refracted ... 578 Glasses were ordered for 429 Glasses not needing changing 15 Glasses not advised at present 76 Vision found normal 58 - 578 Glasses were needed and ordered as follows:— Myopia 73 Hypermetropia 157 Astigmatism, myopic 45 „ hypermetropic 70 Anisometropia 36 Strabismus 48 429 Hospital advised for nine cases. Of the glasses ordered 195 were urgently needed and were as follows:— Myopia ... 27 Hypermetropia... 14 Astigmatism, myopic ... 29 ,, hypermetropic 17 Strabismus, ir.ternus ... 46 ,, alternating 2 135 90 Other diseases treated, and advised, were:— Ulcer of cornea 31 Blepharitis 46 Conjunctivitis 144 „ contagious 89 ,, follicular 1 Phlyctenula 36 Nystagmus 2 Nebula 14 Hordeolum 10 Keratitis, Vascular 1 ,, Interstial 4 Cataract, pyranidal 1 Retino-choroditis 2 Dislocated lens 1 Pseudo-glioma 1 Word blindness 4 Chalazion 2 Ptosis (right eye) 1 „ (left eye) 1 Phlyctenula (recurrent)—hospital advised 1 Episcleritis 1 Alexia 1 Glioma 1 Oedema of lid 1 Foreign body 1 Contused globe 1 Epiphora 3 Total 401 THE WORK OF THE SCHOOL DENTISTS. The dental work amongst school children has been carried out on similar lines to that of previous years The special age dealt with has been that of 6-7 years. Special cases in other age periods have also been dealt with. Mr. A. Brearley Oddie, L.D S., and Mr. Charles Lightfoot, L.D.S., are the two dental surgeons. The dental reinspections have been for the first time fairly adequately carried out this year. 91 TABLE E. ix. Dental Inspection of Schools School. Children Examined. Teeth all scrand. Teeth Defective. Percent'gewith Sound Teeth. Boys. Girls. Total. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Ingram Road 14 17 31 3 2 11 15 21.4 11.7 Princess Road 51 39 90 6 3 45 36 11.76 7.69 St. Saviour's 23 23 46 6 5 17 18 26.08 21.73 Ecclesbourne Road 59 4S 107 9 7 50 41 15.25 14.58 Boston Road Infants 58 49 107 14 9 44 50 24.1 18.4 Christ Church, Long ley Rd. 14 18 32 4 5 10 15 28.6 27.8 ,, ,, Wild bore's '9 16 35 2 5 17 II 10.5 31.3 St. Mary s, Wellesley Rd. 13 IS 28 3 2 10 13 23.1 13.3 Tavistock Grove 21 3° 51 4 8 17 22 19.1 26.7 Holy Trinity 23 18 41 2 4 21 '4 8.7 22.2 St. Mark's 17 14 31 1 1 16 13 5.9 7.1 Woodside 40 26 66 6 1 34 25 15.0 3.9 Brighton Road ij 8 21 2 ... 11 8 13.0 ... Oval Road 21 12 33 2 ... 19 12 9.5 ... Davidson Road Infants 39 23 62 7 3 32 20 17.9 13.4 Portland Road 68 69 137 6 7 62 62 8.8 10.1 Parish Church 3° 20 50 6 1 24 19 20.0 5.0 Mitcham Road 49 50 99 10 10 39 40 20.4 20.0 Boston Road 11 13 24 4 4 7 9 36.4 30.8 St. Joseph's 10 13 23 1 3 9 10 10.0 23.0 Up. Norwood (Rockmount) 18 24 42 3 2 15 22 16.6 8.3 All Saints' (Up. Norwood) 15 13 28 1 15 12 ... 7.7 Brighton Road 22 29 51 5 2 24 20 22.7 6.9 Davidson Road 19 26 45 1 3 18 23 5.3 1.7 Holy Trinity 25 18 43 1 4 24 H 4.0 22.2 Ecclesbourne Road 10 12 22 2 10 10 ... 16.6 Sydenham Road 47 35 82 5 3 42 31 106 8.5 St. Mark's 7 17 24 3 2 4 15 429 11.7 St. Andrew's Infants 29 33 62 3 5 26 28 10.3 15.2 Dering Place Infants 21 22 43 5 3 .16 19 23.8 13.6 Totals 806 75° 1556 124 107 689 638 16.06 13.7 92 TABLE E x.—Dental Re-inspection of Schools. Children with teeth all sound at previous inspection. At re-inspection. Children who were treated for caries discovered at previous inspection. Children found to have defective teeth at primary inspection, but who have not been treated at the Dental Clinic. At re-inspection. At re-inspection. Date. School. All sound. Requiring treatment. Requiring no Requiring Children treated Children treated privately and now requiring further Children treated privately and not requiring further Children who hav received no denta treatment. further treatment further treatment privately. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. treatment. treatment. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. 1915. Jan. 21 St. Andrew's 5 6 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... „ 21 Dering Place 2 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... „ 21 St. Peter's 4 6 3 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Jan. 22 Beulah Koad 3 3 2 4 8 5 3 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Feb. 2 Princess Road 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... „ 2 St. Saviour's ... 1 1 ... ... 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Apr 22 Tavistock Grove 7 3 9 12 ... ... 3 1 ... ... ... 2 ... ... 20 20 „ 29 St. Andrew's, Old Town 1 1 3 1 1 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4 2 „ 29 (S.) ... 4 3 1 ... ... 2 4 ... ... ... ... ... ... 8 17 ,, 29 Dering Road 2 ... 3 2 ... ... 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3 May 4 Whitehorse Road 8 5 1 2 6 5 3 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 29 „ 3 St. Peter's 3 ... ... 2 3 2 10 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 7 3 " 13 Brighton Road 9 ... 1 7 ... ... 7 5 ... ... 2 ... ... ... 14 10 June 4 Portland Road 5 4 1 ... 3 9 ... 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 28 21 „ 22 Winterbourne Road 6 3 2 ... 11 12 4 1 ... ... 4 3 ... ... 23 22 „ 55 Beulah Road 4 2 ... ... 5 6 ... ... ... ... 3 3 ... ... 25 14 „ 3 Shirley ... ... 2 ... ... ... 1 ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... 1 5 „ 3 South Norwood 1 2 1 4 2 ... 5 3 4 3 2 1 ... ... 19 11 „21 Parish Church 5 2 6 13 9 2 5 10 3 1 3 1 ... ... 13 19 Aug. 26 Boston Koad 11 6 2 2 1 3 2 1 4 ... 4 ... ... ... 33 29 „ 30 Christ Church (Longley 1 1 3 2 ... ... 1 1 1 2 1 1 ... ... 7 10 „ 3o St. Mary's [Kd.) 1 ... ... ... ... .. 2 1 1 ... ... ... ... ... 4 10 „ 30 Tavistock Grove 3 3 ... 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 ... ... 10 15 „ 27 Ingrain Road 2 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 7 8 Sep.12 Oval Koad 1 ... 1 ... ... ... 2 1 2 1 2 1 ... ... 8 5 „ 12 Wood side Infants 4 ... 2 1 ... ... 7 2 4 ... 3 ... ... ... 11 10 ,, 6 Brighton Koad 1 ... ... ... 1 ... 2 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 5 6 Sep. 13 Christ Ch'ch,Wildbore's ... ... 2 3 ... 1 ... ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... 11 7 „ 3 Holy Trinity 1 3 ... ... 1 1 ... ... ... 2 ... 1 ... ... 7 4 „ 3 St. Mark's 1 1 ... ... 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 7 7 „ 7 Ecclesbourne Road 6 1 1 3 4 7 ... ... 1 3 1 3 ... ... 35 22 „ 10 Princess Road 4 1 2 ... 1 ... ... ... 1 ... 1 ... ... ... 26 20 „ 10 St. Saviour's 4 2 ... 1 3 2 ... ... ... 1 ... ... ... ... 5 8 Nov. 12 Portland Road 7 8 ... ... 12 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 ... ... 30 35 Dec. 20 Parish Church Infants 2 2 4 1 2 1 1 3 2 ... 2 ... ... ... 10 10 93 TABLE E. xi. Table of Schools inspected by the School Dental Officers during the year 1915) showing- the number of children found with defective teeth and the number who received treatment at the Dental Clinic at the Town Hall. Date of Inspection, 1915. Name of School(Infants' Departments.) Number of children examined. Number found with defective teeth. Number of children treated by the School Denial Officers at the Dental Clinic. January 22nd Ingram Road 31 26 5 „ „ St. Saviour's 46 35 12 February 1st Boston Road 107 84 10 ,, 2nd Princess Road 90 81 11 ,, 9th Christ Church 35 28 5 (Wildbore's) „ „ „ (Longley Road) 32 25 9 „ 12th Ecclesbourne Road 107 91 15 ,, 22nd St. Mary's 28 23 8 „ „ Tavistock Grove 51 39 10 March 2nd Holy Trinity 41 35 10 „ „ St. Mark's 31 29 6 „ 4th Woodside 66 59 28 „ 8th Oval Road 33 31 12 „ „ Brighton Road 21 19 12 „ 22nd Davidson Road 62 52 15 May 7th Portland Road 137 124 52 June 21st Parish Church 50 43 36 July 8th Mitcham Road 99 79 9 (incomplete) August 2Gth Boston Road 24 16 7 „ 27th St. Joseph's 23 19 5 ,,„ Upper Norwood 42 37 6 „ „ „ All Saints' 28 27 7 „ September 3rd Holy Trinity 45 38 18 „ ,, 6th Brighton Road 51 44 9 7th Ecclesbourne Road 22 20 9 23rd. David-on Road 45 41 12 „ October 26th Sydenham Road 82 74 4 „ „ „ St. Mark's 24 19 1 „ ,, 28th St. Andrew's 62 54 7 „ „ „ Dering Place 43 35 4 „ 94 TABLE E. xii. DENTAL CLINIC Particulars as to Fillings, etc. Extractions. Date. Attendances. Fillings Ordinary. With " local' or N2O Gas. Dressings. Appointments for N2O Gas. Remarks. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls Boys. Girls. January 62 55 23 21 2 4 92 55 13 15 7 6 36 children did not attend February 68 67 38 45 12 6 36 64 5 15 14 9 28 do. do. March 76 82 62 48 11 6 68 69 6 15 10 13 55 do. do. April 49 72 34 56 25 12 15 30 11 2 9 15 38 do. do. May 69 44 49 28 11 2 53 50 6 ... 1 2 27 do. do. June 78 50 53 18 17 3 44 74 9 1 8 10 28 do. do. July 57 65 26 30 12 4 72 84 2 5 7 7 t refused treatment. 28 children did not attend. 1 refused treatment. August — Sept. 86 66 S3 33 8 11 101 52 8 5 11 2 47 children did not attend. October 77 88 68 40 17 7 64 62 7 3 12 8 67 do. do. 1 refused treatment. Nov. 113 82 66 37 11 7 122 103 33 8 16 11 74 children did not attend. Dec. 61 53 29 40 7 10 73 39 3 4 8 5 31 do. do. Totals in 1915 796 724 501 396 133 72 740 6S2 103 73 103 88 Totals in 1914 458 506 251 350 87 110 449 444 39 86 73 82 95 SCHOOL TREATMENT CENTRE AND SPINAL REMEDIAL WORK. TREATMENT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN. Total number of new cases 1018 Total number of attendances 5982 The cases dealt with are mostly minor ailments and children from poor families who require continuous medical supervision. On Monday and Saturday mornings each week the doctor is in attendance and sees all new cases and such old cases as require it. On these and the remaining four mornings of the week the Health Visitor who is the nurse in charge of this work carries out the treatment advised. As a general rule the attendance of the children receiving treatment has been satisfactory. In some cases of ringworm the home treatment has not been properly carried out, and when thjs neglect is persisted in and the offer of X-Ray treatment is refused th e cases are referred to the School Attendance Officer for further action. The Centre, in this section of its work, has, in my opinion, fully justified its establishment. It will be seen from the number of new cases, taking 50 weeks as being the year, that there has been an average of 20 new cases seen each veek. The real number of weeks which we should take as a maximum is to, which approximately is the number of school weeks per annum, for in the vacations the number of children in attendance always diminishes very considerably and the new cases dwindle to practically nothing. Tne average number of new cases per week on this basis is 25. The value of the Centre is considerably increased when it is recollected that it affords opportunities of special examination of obscure or difficult cases met with at medical inspections or specially referred to the school medical staff RINGWORM. Ringworm in school children has been treated at the Schoo Treatment Centre, and also by Dr. Critchley when X-ray treatment was advised and accepted. TABLE E. xiii. Totals. Total No. of children treated Scalp 102 Body 40 142 No. of attendances Scalp 500 Body 66 56 96 No. of cases X-rayed 58 Total attendances for X-ray treatment 116 No. of cases treated by Drugs Scalp 44 Body 40 84 No. of children freed Scalp 88 Body 40 128 Outstanding cases on January 1st, 1916 Scalp 14 Body 14 SPINAL REMEDIAL CLASS. This class has been held in one of the rooms of the Treatment Centres from April 12th, 1915, and the figures given below refer to a period from that date to December 31st, 1915. Total number of new cases 49 Total number of attendances 1052 Of the 49 children treated:— 1. Five have left school. 2. One has left the district. 3. Twelve have been discharged as needing no further treatment. 4. Eight have been discharged with instructions to attend the class occasionally. 5. One has been excluded for a time. 6. One has been discharged because of irregular attendance. 7. Twenty-one are still attending the class During the past year a considerable addition has been made to the apparatus provided for the special exercises required for the remedial treatment of early cases of spinal curvature. The time also which Miss Appleton has been able to devote to the class has been increased The results have been most gratifying, and the exercises can now be carried out much more satisfactorily and efficiently and the number ol children who can be treated made very considerably greater. The class is regularly visited by one of the medical members of the staff and advice given as to the treatment and to the discharge or retention of cases. It is impossible to over-estimate the value of the work which is being carried out at this class, as the prevention of spinal deformity is clearly a thing which entirely alters the capacities and outlook upon life of the individuals so treated. 97 ACTION TAKEN TO PREVENT SPREAD OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES. TABLE E. xv. 6109 notices of illness (including duplicate notices) were received from School Teachers or Attendance Officers during 1915. 5565 notices of illness were despatched to the respective schools by the Public Health Department. These notices dealt with, amongst others, 5,140 school children actually suffering from the infectious diseases mentioned in the Table Illness. 1st Quarter. 2nd Quarter. 3rd Quarter. 4th Quarter. Total. Scarlet Fever 63 29 30 45 167 Diphtheria 13 15 26 30 84 Measles 551 644 48 12 1255 Mumps 465 458 98 52 1073 Whooping Cough 52 106 47 54 259 Chicken-pox 186 71 38 93 388 Sore Throat 70 22 39 76 207 Ringworm (Scalp) 58 32 24 12 126 „ (body) 51 24 19 13 107 Impetigo 141 132 102 148 523 Scabies 12 4 4 9 29 Infectious Eye Disease 76 7i S° 43 240 Other diseases 293 156 100 '33 682 Totals 2031 1764 625 720 540 The table has been modified to record only the number of actual sufferers from the infectious diseases therein mentioned, as it is thought that this infoimation is of more practical use than a detailed record of the number of notices sent. WORK OF THE HEALTH VISITORS. During the year part of the time of six to seven lady Health Visitors has been given up to school medical work. Their duties in this connection have mainly beenattendance at school medical inspections, the v sitation of children who are absent from school because of suspected infectious disease, and the following up of those in whom defects have been discovered at the school medical inspections. Each district Health Visitor is responsible for the visitation of all the school children in her particular area. One Health Visitor has given most of her time to the work of the Treatment Centre. Part of the time of the Health Visitors has been taken up in the clinics held at the Town Hall for the treatment of defects of the eyes and teeth. On each of the School Care Committees a Health Visitor has voluntarily given her services during the year The work of the Health Visitors is set out in detail in the following Table (E. xvi.) 98 TABLE E. xvi. Visits to Houses where the following Diseases have occurred. School Cases. 1st Visits. Subsequent Visits. Scarlet Fever 59 22 Diphtheria 107 68 Measles 1386 48 German Measles 60 2 Mumps 1&61 71 Whooping Cough 283 18 Chicken Pox 461 20 Sore Throat 531 163 Ringworm (scalp) 149 148 ,, (body) 158 156 Verminous Heads 9 2 Verminous Codies 37 11 Impetigo Contagiosa 746 797 Scabies 49 76 Infectious Eye Disease 306 151 Other disease 1180 468 Visits paid lo Elementary Schools for Medical 7382 2131 Inspections 263 3 Number of Children prepared for Medical Inspection : —Newly Inspected 7396 — Re-inspected 1597 — Specially Inspected 132 — Other Visits to Elementary Schools ... 128 — Home Visits arising out of Medical Inspection 2050 1499 Home Visits for other information 477 55 Cultures taken 711 63 99 SCHOOL CLOSURE. During the year 1915 the following schools were closed in accordance with Article 45 (b) of the Code TABLE E. xvii. School. • Department. Disease. Date of Closure. Length of Closure. All Saints' Girls & Infants Measles January 18th 3 weeks. Brighton Road... Infants Measles P'ebruary 8th 1 week. Christ Church (Wildbore's) Infants Mumps February 9th weeks. St. Andrew's (Old Town) Mixed & Infants Mumps February 9th 2J weeks. Portland Road... Infants Measles February 10th 3^ weeks. Parish Church ... Infants Measles February 12th 3 weeks. Whitehorse Road Infants Measles and Mumps. February 24th do. South Norwood Infants Measles March 2nd 3i weeks. St. Mark's Girls & Infants Measles March 9th 3 weeks. Winterbourne Rd. Infants Measles and Mumps March 22nd 2 weeks. Reulah Road Infants Measles March 22nd i£ weeks. Brighton Road... Infants Measles March 22nd do. Ecclesbourne Rd. Infants Measles March 24th do. Upper Norwood Infants Measles March 24th do. Woodside Infants Measles March 24th do. Christ Church (Wildbore's) Infants Measles April 12th 2 weeks. Christ Church (Longley Read) Infants Measles and Mumps April 27th 2½ weeks. Davidson Road Infants Mumps July 6th do. 100 PHYSICALLY AND MENTALLY DEFECTIVE CHILDREN SENT TO INSTITUTIONS. At the end of the year the following Croydon children were under treatment in residential institutions outside the Borough:— Blind 9 Deaf 15 Mentally defective 5 Epileptic 1 EXAMINATION OF BURSARS AND STUDENT TEACHERS. Twenty-four young persons who desired to become Bursars and Student-Teachers were medically examined during the year. SPECIAL EXAMINATION OF CHILDREN AT THE SCHOOL TREATMENT CENTRE. Number of Children who have attended for the following diseases at the request of the Education Committee's officers or of teachers or parents :— Diseases of Lungs 27 „ Heart 33 „ Ear, Throat and Nose 252 „ Skin 235 Ringworm— Scalp 102 Body 40 142 * Mentally Defective Children 6 Diseases of Nervous System 12 Spinal Trouble 5 Eye Diseases or Defects 8 Glands 42 Rheumatism 10 Bronchitis 44 Debility 44 Anaemia 10 Various 107 977 * This is exclusive of children examined in accordance with the requirements of the Mental Deficiency Act. 101 TEACHING OF INFANT CARE. The Infant Care Class has been continued at the Tavistock Grove School. It has not been possible to maintain such a regular attendance of one of the medical officers owing to staffing difficulties, but this has been maintained very fully on the whole. One of the health visitors attends regularly. Short talks have been given at each meeting by one or other of these officers on matters relating to infant welfare. 56 girls attended the class during the year. FEEDING OF NECESSITOUS SCHOOL CHILDREN. Improved social conditions made this section of the work unnecessary. No canteens were therefore established. LECTURES ON HEALTH SUBJECTS. Excepting in the early part of 1915, when the later part of the series of lectures referred to in the 1914 report was completed, it has been impossible to organise any lecture series this year. 102